Abstract: Objective：To detect the expression of toll-like receptor 2 （TLR2） and TLR4 in fetal membrane of premature rupture of membrane patients，and to study the changes and significance in the spontaneous premature rupture of membrane pregnant women. Methods：All cases were from Hebei University Affiliated Hospital. Collecting 40 confirmed cases of premature rupture of membranes （PROM1） and 40 cases of normal full-term pregnancy （control group 1） over the same period. Collecting 40 confirmed cases of premature rupture of membranes （＜37 weeks，PROM2） and 20 abortion cases of unplanned normal pregnancy （control group 2）. The expression of TLR2 and TLR4 in fetal membrane were determined by immunohistochemistry in different group. Results：The expression levels TLR2 and TLR4 of PROM group were slightly higher，but the difference was not statistically significant. In PROM patients，the TLR2 levels of subclinical chorioamnionitis group （132.64±10.53） is higher than non-chorioamnionitis group （118.32±9.42），the difference was statistically significant （t=6.374，P=0.000）. Conclusions：Infection is an important factor of PROM，but is not the only factor. The expression of TLR2 in PROM is closely related with subclinical chorioamnionitis.

Key words: Toll-like receptor 2, Toll-like receptor 4, Premature rupture of membrane, Chorioamnionitis, Immunohistochemistry