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15 April 2014, Volume 41 Issue 2
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The Accurate Description and Prevention and Treatment of Pelvic Floor Reconstruction Complications DING Yan;LI Xiao-hong 2014, 41 (2):  93-97.  Abstract ( 1283 )   PDF (862KB) ( 5463 )   In recent years pelvic reconstruction surgery with synthetic mesh is widely used in treatment of pelvic organ prolapse （POP），but there are many kinds of complications may occur. In order to research complications，the International Urogynecological Association （IUGA） and International Continence Society（ICS） formulated and published the standardization and classification system of complications associated to female pelvic floor repair material in 2011. The transvaginal mesh implant in treatment of POP while improve the cure rate，reduce the recurrence rate， can appear a variety of postoperative complications，including mesh erosion，exposure，local infection, postoperative pain and difficulty of sexual intercourse，good operation skills can effectively prevent and treat complications. Related Articles | Metrics

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Progress in Three Dimensional Models of Endometriosis LIANG Li-li;LIN Yi-hao;WANG Ning-ning 2014, 41 (2):  98-102.  Abstract ( 1404 )   PDF (899KB) ( 5496 )   Endometriosis （EMs） is the presence of endometrial glandular and stromal cells outside of the uterine cavity，and is the most common disorder in reproductive women. Quality of life for these women is predictable to be negatively affected. For the poor understanding about the pathophysiology of endometriosis，no current medical therapy has been demonstrated to be effective in eradicating the disease or in preventing it without unacceptable side effects. Concerning about the uncertainties about the pathophysiology of endometriosis，the establishment of an appropriate human EMs model plays a pivotal role in the study of endometriosis. This review tends to sum up the establishment and development of the endometriosis three-dimensional models（3D models） and assesses the methods and materials，different potential and limitation regarding to endometriosis researches，with the aim of developing novel simulating models for the further study. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Apoptotic Pathways and Their Mechanisms LI Min;LIN Jun 2014, 41 (2):  103-107.  Abstract ( 3776 )   PDF (573KB) ( 7233 )   Cell apoptosis exists in the whole life of multicellular organisms，which is capable to maintain homeostasis of tissues and organs through removing unwanted or damaged cells. Eukaryotic cells mediate apoptosis through four main pathways：the death receptor-mediated extrinsic pathway，the intrinsic mitochondrial pathway，granzyme B-mediated pathway and endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated pathway. There are four important protein molecules involved in apoptotic pathways：caspases （the proteases which execute cell death），adapter proteins （caspase activators），Bcl-2 family proteins and Inhibitor of apoptosis proteins（IAPs）. Cell apoptosis plays an important role in establishment of ovarian reserve and abnormal apoptosis inducing some diseases，such as endometriosis，ovarian cancer，et al. In this review we will discuss the apoptotic pathways and their mechanisms mentioned above. Related Articles | Metrics

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Progress of Diagnosis and Treatment of Premature Ovarian Failure JIAO Zhi-hui;SHI Hui-rong 2014, 41 (2):  108-111.  Abstract ( 1798 )   PDF (679KB) ( 5538 )   Premature ovarian failure （POF） is a common gynecologic endocrine disease. The cause of POF is complex and diverse. Genetic，autoimmune disease，infection，iatrogenic factors all can induce POF，but the etiology of more than 50% POF patients is still unclear. The clinical manifestations of POF are complex and varied，early diagnosis is difficult and it takes an average of five years to be confirmed. Vaginal ultrasound，hormone level determination，anti-Müllerian hormone and inhibin B can predict ovarian function in a certain degree. Because of significant impact on physical and psychological health，early diagnosis and treatment are significantly important. For POF patients，hormone replacement is the main therapy to relieve menopausal symptoms，but donating oocyte for IVF is the important method to solve fertility problems. Self-ovarian transplantation，ovarian and follicle vitrification technologies bring more hope for the infertility patients. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research of the Insulin-like Factor 3 on the Polycystic Ovary Syndrome SHI Huan;SHEN Shan-mei 2014, 41 (2):  112-115.  Abstract ( 1390 )   PDF (607KB) ( 5435 )   The insulin-like factor 3 （INSL3），previously known as the relaxin-like factor，is encoded by the INSL3 gene in human. It is secreted from the testicular leydig cells of adult men as well as the theca interna cells of ovarian follicles in adult female. Recent studies have found that INSL3 circulating levels in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome are significantly higher than that in normal people，especially in those patients who are not overweight，which possibly due to the reason of luteinizing hormone dependent hyperandrogenism. This paper describes the INSL3 gene and its molecular structure，its receptor （a novel G-protein-coupled receptors LGR8/GREAT），the physiological function in female，with particular emphasis on the vital influence of pathogenesis and pathophysiology of polycystic ovary syndrome caused by INSL3. Related Articles | Metrics

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Etiology and Prevention of Postoperative Intrauterine Adhesions Caused by Artificial Abortion LIU Feng-qin;HU Jing 2014, 41 (2):  116-119.  Abstract ( 990 )   PDF (579KB) ( 5442 )   With the development of the painless induced abortion technique，due to the young female lack of the awareness of birth control and reproductive health，and the rising rate of repeat induced abortion ，the long-term complications caused by intrauterine adhesions as abortion also increases year by year. At present，the diagnosis and treatment of hysteroscopy which is caused by intrauterine adhesions，is the most simple and effective method，and has become an important gynaecology minimally invasive surgery. The infertility is caused by intrauterine adhesions in different level. Severe caused by intrauterine adhesions，now in addition to the separation of adhesion under hysteroscopy，there is no ideal method to prevent recurrent caused by intrauterine adhesions. At present the study of intrauterine adhesions are limited in the diagnosis and treatment，and the fact of lacking in current report about formation mechanism and pathological physiology change is obvious at home and abroad. In the wake of cultivation of imaging and hysteroscopy technology，and significant changes having taken place in clinical practice for intrauterine adhesions，the uterine cavity adhesion for the etiology，diagnosis，treatment and prevention research has been put forward to higher request. Apparently，the key of preventing the intrauterine adhesion is to improve the skills of artificial abortion and complications. Related Articles | Metrics

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Advances in the Origin of Ovarian Epithelial Cancer XU Bing;ZHOU Ying;HU Wei-ping 2014, 41 (2):  120-123.  Abstract ( 1168 )   PDF (616KB) ( 5391 )   Ovarian epithelial cancer belongs to a heterogeneous group of tumors，of which tissue type of origin is uncertain. The current researches on the origin of ovarian epithelial malignancy mainly contain three theories including ovarian surface epithelium doctrine，the secondary müllerian system doctrine，extraovarian tissue of origin doctrine and stem cell doctrine. In recent years，morphologic analysis and immunohistochemistry of molecular markers such as p53，bcl-2，PAX8，calretinin，tubulin show that high-grade and low-grade serous ovarian cancers are closely correlated with fallopian tube，but experiment in mice shows ovarian hilum cells have the characteristic of stem cell and express ALDH1 and Lgr5，which are the stem cell markers. The ovarian hilum cells have the capacity of proliferation，differentiation and self-renewal. Therefore the origin of ovarian cancer is mainly focused on fallopian tube theory and stem cell theory. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress of miR-17-92 Cluster YU Yu;ZHANG Shu-lan 2014, 41 (2):  124-127.  Abstract ( 1316 )   PDF (503KB) ( 5486 )   MicroRNAs （miRNA） are a class of highly conserved small，single-stranded non-coding RNAs that regulate target genes expression by fully or partially complementary principle binds to target genes 3′UTRs or direct shear target genes mRNA. miR-17-92 cluster is located on human chromosome 13q31.3，which encodes miR-17，miR-18，miR-19a，miR-20，miR-19b and miR-92. miR-17-92 cluster controls 30 kinds of target genes，which involve in cancer development. The paper reviews the structure and function and the roles of miR-17-92 cluster in gynaecology and other tumors occurrence and development. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Applications of Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles in Cancer Diagnosis and Therapy WANG Xin-ran;DI Wen 2014, 41 (2):  128-131.  Abstract ( 1269 )   PDF (546KB) ( 5378 )   In recent years，mesoporous silica nanoparticles（MSNs）， by virtue of its unique physical and chemical properties，has won more and more attention as a novel drug delivery systems （DDSs） used in the biomedical field. Compared to traditional nano drug carriers such as liposomes，polymer nanoparticles. MSNs have a distinct advantage：to be effective in loading various drugs；the high drug loading capacity of MSNs making overcome tumor multidrug resistantce （MDR） becomes possible. More important fact is that there is a large number of silanol groups in the surface of mesoporous materials which may be used as the basis of multifunctional nanocomposites that makes tumors theranostics becomes possible. The application of MSNs in cancer therapy and diagnosis has been reviewed in this paper. Related Articles | Metrics

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Human Papillomavirus′ Capsid Proteins and Cervical Lesions HUANG Cheng-lin;ZHANG Shu-lan 2014, 41 (2):  132-135.  Abstract ( 1006 )   PDF (622KB) ( 5363 )   Cervical cancer seriously endangers women′s health，and human papillomavirus（HPV） is considered to be the primary cause. Doctors have been striving to find an effective diagnostic method for judging cervical lesions level and predicting its prognosis. HPV capsid proteins comprise the major capsid protein（L1 capsid protein） and the minor capsid protein （L2 capsid protein），and these two proteins play an important role in assembling into virus particles，trafficking HPV to the cell，and causing the host′s immune reactions. In recent years，studies have shown that the L1 capsid protein can be used to predict the progress and subsidence of cervical lesions. HPV prophylactic vaccines，which are exploited on the basis of the L1 and L2 capsid protein，are proved to get a good preventive effect in clinical trials. This paper reviews the biological characteristics of HPV and researches progress on HPV capsid protein in cervical lesions in recent years. Related Articles | Metrics

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Progress on Human Papillomavirus Type 58 Research of Cervical Diseases ZHU Jia-ni;DING Ai-ping;ZHANG Shu-lan 2014, 41 (2):  137-141.  Abstract ( 1090 )   PDF (600KB) ( 5548 )   High risk human papillomavirus（HPV） plays a necessary，though insufficient，role in the development of cervical cancer. As one of the high risk HPVs，HPV58′s infection is very common in East-South Asian area. Thus，our review mainly focuses on the epidemiology，carcinogenicity and viral integration of HPV58. We found out that as one of the high risk HPV types，HPV58 is rare worldwide but being found more commonly in East Asia. E6，E7 of HPV58 are the major oncoproteins，which are responsible for the transformation of host cells. Moreover，the integration of HPV58 to the host cell also plays an important role in the transformation of host cells. Thus，a clear study is of a great significance to the research of the pathogenesis of HPV58 in cervical carcinoma and precancerous lesions and the health of Asian women. Therefore the epidemiology，carcinogenicity and viral integration of HPV58 will be the new host research hot spots. Related Articles | Metrics

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Mechanisms of miRNA in Invasion and Metastasis of Ovarian Cancer WU Xiang;LIU Lu 2014, 41 (2):  142-145.  Abstract ( 1096 )   PDF (535KB) ( 5417 )   Domestic and foreign scholars on the occult onset，rapid progression，poor prognosis，recurrence rate of malignant ovarian tumor did a lot of researches，but the rate of early diagnosis and survival rate did not increase，without reducing mortality，and the first mortality in gynecological malignant tumor，ovarian cancer become the main cancer seriously threatens women health life. miRNA is a non-coding endogenous small RNA newly found， regulating the expression of nearly 30% genes of human，its biological characteristics of specific expression in tissue，highly conservative and temporal expression play an important role in ovarian cancer. The study found that miRNA involved in the process of invasion and metastasis of ovarian cancer cells，but also closely related to the prognosis in patients with ovarian cancer. In order to understand the mechanism of invasion and metastasis of malignant ovarian cancer，this review summarizes the new progress of miRNA and ovarian cancer. Related Articles | Metrics

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Progress of Hormone Replacement Therapy and Breast Cancer SUN Fang-fang;SHI Hui-rong 2014, 41 (2):  146-149.  Abstract ( 1124 )   PDF (512KB) ( 5358 )   Hormone replacement therapy （HRT） can alleviate postmenopausal women′ menopausal symptoms，prevent osteoporosis and reduce fractures with a consensus，but its influence on breast cancer，cardiovascular disease and other chronic diseases is still controversial. Using estrogen alone may not increase the risk of breast cancer，while combining estrogen with progesterone may increase breast cancer′s risk. Different breast disease patients may suffer different risks of breast cancer after HRT，the relationship between Chinese women HRT and breast cancer are uncertain. Benefits exceed risks when applying HRT on women who have indications close to post menopause，different types and occupy pathways of HRT may result in different breast cancer risks. Summarize the relationship between HRT and breast cancer as well as HRT applications in patients with different breast disease. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress about Preparation in Pregnancy and Management in Perinatal Period of Patients with Hypopituitarism DU Xue;YAO Yan-ni;LI Zeng-yan 2014, 41 (2):  150-153.  Abstract ( 1112 )   PDF (518KB) ( 5365 )   Hypopituitarism is a syndrome caused by corresponding insufficiency of hormones′ secretion and results from destroyed anterior pituitary. Amenorrhea，difficulty conceiving，infertility，postpartum no milk occur in hypopituitary patients. The incidence of pregnancy complications is higher，such as abortion，anemia，placental abruption，premature birth and postpartum hemorrhage. So adequate preparation and reasonable use of ART in pre-pregnancy，continuous monitoring of hormone levels and maintaining normal hormone levels in pregnancy and perinatal period can reduce pregnancy complications and improve pregnancy outcomes. This review summarized recent advances about preparation in pregnancy and management in perinatal period of hypopituitarism. Related Articles | Metrics

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Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy: Mechanism and Impacts in Pregnancy and Fetal Outcomes WU Si-ling;SHAO Yong;HE Fang. 2014, 41 (2):  154-157.  Abstract ( 1236 )   PDF (581KB) ( 5344 )   Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy is characterized with unexplained pruritus，elevated concentration of total bile acid and liver transaminases，which are influenced by abnormal hormone level in the second or third trimester，gene mutation，immune injury and increased release of pruritogens. Although it has good prognosis on pregnant women，it plays an important role on increased risk of adverse fetal outcomes，including preterm delivery，fetal distress，fetal mortality and neonatal respiratory distress syndrome. The abnormal metabolism of steroids and elevated total bile acid increase myometrial sensitivity for oxytocin and promote cervical ripening so as to induce premature delivery. Bile acid desposition in the placenta leads to spasm of placental villous vessels and decreasing placental reserve capacity. Also，bile acid accumulation can play a toxin role on fetal heart and lung，resulting in cardiac conduction dysfunction and reduced synthesis of pulmonary surfactant. All these contribute to increased rate of fetal distress，fetal death and neonatal lung injury. Related Articles | Metrics

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Progress of Ultrasound on Prediction of Persistent Placenta Previa during the Second-trimester of Pregnancy DONG Yi-nuo;YING Hao 2014, 41 (2):  158-160.  Abstract ( 1021 )   PDF (381KB) ( 5434 )   Many cases of placenta previa diagnosed during the early second-trimester have migrated toward the uterine fundus，but a few of them are still present at third-trimester and/or delivery. We name it as persistent placenta previa（PPP）. Lots of index can used to predict PPP in second-trimester，such as：os-placenta distance，the low placental edge thickness，placenta localization，the specificity of ultrasound images，etc. But in these index，the os-placenta distance is the most convenient，accurate and feasible. Over all，the single index have limited value in predicting PPP，but the prediction is not much valuable. At present，the model which is combined with a number of indicators to predict PPP is insufficient. In this paper，we assess the predict value of PPP with a single index by ultrasonography，and prospect for the establishment of prediction model with multinomial index for predicting PPP. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Chlamydia Trachomatis Infection and Pregnancy XU Qian;YUE Tian-fu 2014, 41 (2):  161-163.  Abstract ( 1192 )   PDF (396KB) ( 5328 )   Chlamydia trachomatis（CT） is currently the most common sex transmitted disease pathogen world-widely，which is an important reason of lower genital tract infection as well. However，the Chlamydia trachomatis infection is always asymptomatic and the clinicians did not pay adequate attention on it. Also it needs advanced lab equipments and techniques in detecting and screening the population with high risks and the follow-up and treatment is also lack of attention. Women infected with Chlamydia trachomatis suffer from the damages of the pathogen itself and the immune reactions it caused，such as miscarriage，fetal growth restriction，fetal distress，pre-rupture of membrane，preterm labour，low body weight neonate，still birth，intra-uterine infection，infection of neonate and the puerperal infection and post partum haemorrage. So purposeful screening and treatment towards Chlamydia trachomatis infection are important to reduce the complications of both maternal and fetal. Related Articles | Metrics

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Current Opinion in Fetal Origins of Adult Disease from Preeclampsia HU Wen-sheng;WU Zai-gui;HUANG He-feng 2014, 41 (2):  164-166.  Abstract ( 1284 )   PDF (520KB) ( 5369 )   Embryonic diseases，that is fetal origins of adult disease states that adverse influences early in development and particularly during intrauterine life can lead to the permanent physiology and metabolic abnormalities，thus subsequently resulting in an increased risk of numerous diseases in adulthood. Placenta plays a critical role in the programme of intrauterine stimulus and preeclampsia，particularly early-onset preeclampsia was closely related to the placenta insufficiency. Increasing evidences from epidemiology and experiments on animals have proven that the development of adult diseases such as hypertension，diabetes and stroke was strongly linked with preeclampsia. This article would state the relationship and the potential mechanism among them. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research of P-selectin and Preeclampsia YUE Yong-fei;XU Duo 2014, 41 (2):  167-170.  Abstract ( 1313 )   PDF (611KB) ( 5416 )   The mechanisms responsible for the pathogenesis of preeclampsia are poorly understood by now，which is important reason for maternal-fetal death. P-selectin is one of adhesion molecules，having a start and an enlarged role of inflammation and thrombus formation，resulting in coagulation dysfunction，damage to the capillary endothelial cells，thereby causing specific maternal-fetal clinical manifestations，which mainly comes from platelets. Many studies have confirmed that P-selectin play an important role in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. In the article，we will make a review about this progress. Related Articles | Metrics

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Prediction and Prevention of Preeclampsia HE Xue-yi;WANG Chen-hong 2014, 41 (2):  171-174.  Abstract ( 1662 )   PDF (475KB) ( 6643 )   Pre-eclampsia，considered a leading cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality，is defined as new-onset hypertension and proteinuria during pregnancy. It is very important to develop effective prediction and prevention of pre-eclampsia. Finding a method to predict pre-eclampsia precisely has been a focus for many years. Varied tests used to predict pre-eclampsia include clinical identification of high risk，uterine artery Doppler and maternal peripheral blood correlation protein detection. In recent years，the focus has evolved from screening in the second trimester to screening beginning in the first trimester. The beneficial effect of preventing pre-eclampsia was observed only in low aspirin treatment. The aim of this review is to discuss the progress of the prediction and prevention of the pre-eclampsia. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Diagnosis and Treatment Progress of Generalized Pustular Psoriasis of Pregnancy DU Ying-ying;ZHAO Xian-lan 2014, 41 (2):  175-177.  Abstract ( 1324 )   PDF (678KB) ( 5387 )   Generalized pustular psoriasis of pregnancy is a rare and severe disease. The development is rapid，with systemic generalized aseptic blain and severe systemic symptom for features，often associated with fever，hyperleukocytosis and hypoproteinemia，etc. It is a life-threatening disease either for pregnant woman or infant. The pathogenesis of the disease has not been illustrated completely. Glucocorticoid and retinoic acid are commonly used to treat this disease，because the drugs used during pregnancy is restricted, the treatment is still difficult. Early diagnosis，treatment and terminate pregnancy timely can improve the maternal and perinatal prognosis of this disease. This article is to review diagnosis and treatment progress of this disease. Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical Analysis of Uterus Artery Embolization in Treatment of 51 Cases of Uterine Adenomyosis ZHANG Ying 2014, 41 (2):  178-179.  Abstract ( 1171 )   PDF (341KB) ( 5324 )   Objective：To investigate the effect of uterine artery embolization in the treatment of uterine adenomyosis，provide the basis for clinical treatment of adenomyosis of uterus. Methods：A retrospective analysis of 51 patients from June 2006 to April 2012 by uterine artery embolization for treatment of uterine adenomyosis，mean age was（36.8±12.5） years old，51 patients were followed up for 4 months to 6 years. Results：The pain relief rate was 66.67% （32/48）. 4 cases were pregnancy patients. Preservation of the uterus of patients，23 cases of uterine have varying degrees of narrowing，10 cases of uterine size had no significant change. Conclusions：Uterine artery embolization is a new effective method in treatment of adenomyosis，which can significantly relieve the pain of patients，relieve the clinical symptoms and signs，to provide opportunities for women of reproductive age of pregnancy. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Effect of ProSeal Laryngeal Mask Joint Anesthesia on the Fight-or-Flight Response to the Geriatric Laparoscopic Gynecologic Operation LIU Yan 2014, 41 (2):  180-183.  Abstract ( 1086 )   PDF (623KB) ( 5288 )   Objective：Exploring the feasibility and safety of the joint epidural anesthesia by the ProSeal laryngeal mask （the third generation esophageal drainage type laryngeal mask air duct，PLMA） in the geriatric laparoscopic gynecological operation. Methods：Dividing equally 100 cases patients at the age of 60-85 and with ASA grades of Ⅱ-Ⅳ at random into the group of ProSeal laryngeal mask joint epidural anesthesia（Group P，50 cases）and the group of tracheal intubation （Group T，50 cases）. Recording the MAP and HR of both groups of patients at the time of their entrance into the operating room（T0），before the induced tube placement（T1），at the moment of inserting the laryngeal mask/tracheal intubation（T2），5 minute of inserting the laryngeal mask/tracheal intubation（T3），in the maintaining period of anesthesia for operation（T4） and immediately after pulling out the laryngeal mask/tracheal catheter（T5）；5 minute before and after pneumoperitoneum，the Ppeak and PET（CO2） of both groups；the change in the blood gas analysis 5 minute before and after pneumoperitoneum of both groups；as well as the levels of AE，NE and DA detected by using high performance liquid chromatography and liquid chromatography analyser at T0，T1，T2，T3，T4 and T5，two groups of patients after surgery to awakening to time，and also the relevant complications of the patients. Results：The MAP and HR of two groups at T1 are lower than T0 （P＜0.05）. The MAP and HR of Group T at T2，T5 are significantly higher than those of Group P （P＜0.05）. The AE，NE and DA of two groups at T2，T5 are significantly rise （P＜0.05）. The AE，NE and DA of Group T at T2，T5 are significantly higher than those of Group P （P＜0.05）. The changes in IPPV of Ppeak，PET（CO2）、pH、Pa（O2） and Pa（CO2） are no difference between the two groups（P＞0.05）. The awakening time of Group P are significantly shorter than those of Group T （P＜0.05）. The complications in Group P are significantly fewer than those in Group T（P＜0.05）. Conclusions：The use of the PLMA joint anesthesia in the geriatric laparoscopic gynecologic operation is better than the tracheal intubation joint anesthesia，with positive features of being safe，stablied haemodynamics，slight fight-or-flight response，awakening time is short and less complications and is easy to operate，so it deserves wide application. Related Articles | Metrics

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EphrinA3 Expression and Significance of Analysis in Ovarian Cancer BAO Liu-ping;ZHONG Jian-xin 2014, 41 (2):  184-185.  Abstract ( 1138 )   PDF (809KB) ( 5259 )   Objective：Detection of EphrinA3 expression level in epithelial ovarian cancer tissue ，preliminary to explore EphrinA3 role in ovarian cancer. Methods：Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of the EphrinA3 protein. Results：Positive expression rate of EphrinA3 in ovarian cancer was 73.3%，significantly higher than that in benign ovarian tumors （20%） and normal ovaries （16.7%）；Ⅲ-Ⅳ ovarian cancer tissue EphrinA3 positive expression rate was significantly higher than Ⅰ-Ⅱ phase（83.3% vs. 33.3%，P＜0.01）；poorly differentiated ovarian carcinoma，the positive expression rate was significantly higher than in well-differentiated ovarian carcinoma （80% vs. 40%，P＜0.01）；EphrinA3 positive expression in lymph node metastasis group was significantly higher than no metastasis group（88.9% vs. 50%，P＜0.05），and regardless of the histopathological type （P＞0.05）. Conclusions：High EphrinA3 expression was in epithelial ovarian cancer，and different expression levels of EphrinA3 were different in different clinical stage and histological grade. Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical Application of Serum Auto-fluorescent Spectrum in Diagnosis of Ovarian Cancer QIAO Li-hua;YAN Su-qing;SHEN Yan-qin;NAI Ke-jun;MA Li-fang;JIANG Ling-yan;XIA Li-mei 2014, 41 (2):  186-190.  Abstract ( 1175 )   PDF (1191KB) ( 5341 )   Objective：Using the technique of spectrum investigate the characteristics of the serum auto-fluorescent spectrum of patients with ovarian cancer. Methods：Using fluorospectrophotometer and 350 nm excitation light，the present study tested the serum auto-fluorescent spectrum of samples that been kept for different durations. It was also studied that the serum auto-fluorescent spectrums of 40 normal women and 37 patients with ovarian cancer，using different wavelength of excitation lights，and the data were further analyzed and compared including peak positions，peak heights and peak areas of spectrums，respectively. Results：The most prominent changes in peak position，peak height and peak area were observed in spectrum of sample that placed for 6 hrs. Difference in serum auto-fluorescent spectrum between ovarian patients and normal women were found to be most prominent under the 300 nm excitation light. Compared with those of normal controls，serum atuo-fluroesent spectrums in patients with ovarian cancer had purple shift of peak position，higher peak height，and larger peak area. Conclusions：There is probably clinical significance of detecting the serum auto-fluorescent spectrum in early diagnosis of ovarian cancer. Related Articles | Metrics

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MS-275 on Migration and Invasion in Human Cervical Carcinoma Cell Line SiHa YAN Hong-liang;WU Wei-guang;WANG Zheng;SUN Zhao-ling;TANG Ya-juan 2014, 41 (2):  191-193.  Abstract ( 1093 )   PDF (1028KB) ( 5274 )   Objective：To observe the histone deacetylase inhibitor MS-275 on migration and invasion activity in human cervical carcinoma cell line SiHa，and to investigate the possible mechanism. Methods：SiHa cells were treated with different concentration of histone deacetylase inhibitor MS-275. The cell migration was estimated by wound-healing assay and the cell invasion was estimated by Transwell assay. Furthermore，Western blot was used to detect the acetyl level of histone H4 and real time PCR was used to detect mRNA of NF-κB and uPA gene. Results：After treatment with MS-275，With the increasing of concentration，the SiHa cell migration and invasion activity decreased. Meanwhile，the acetyl level of histone H4 increased，and the mRNA of NF-κB and uPA decreased in SiHa cells. Conclusions：The MS-275 could effectively inhibit the cell migration and invasion activity of SiHa cells，and the acetyl level of histone increasing to inhibite NF-κB and uPA gene expression may be one of its mechanisms. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Relationship of TLR2 and TLR4 in Fetal Membrane and Premature Rupture of Membrane XUE Hui-ling;LIANG Yi-juan;LIANG Ling;LIU Jin;CAI Zhi-hui 2014, 41 (2):  194-196.  Abstract ( 1000 )   PDF (497KB) ( 5336 )   Objective：To detect the expression of toll-like receptor 2 （TLR2） and TLR4 in fetal membrane of premature rupture of membrane patients，and to study the changes and significance in the spontaneous premature rupture of membrane pregnant women. Methods：All cases were from Hebei University Affiliated Hospital. Collecting 40 confirmed cases of premature rupture of membranes （PROM1） and 40 cases of normal full-term pregnancy （control group 1） over the same period. Collecting 40 confirmed cases of premature rupture of membranes （＜37 weeks，PROM2） and 20 abortion cases of unplanned normal pregnancy （control group 2）. The expression of TLR2 and TLR4 in fetal membrane were determined by immunohistochemistry in different group. Results：The expression levels TLR2 and TLR4 of PROM group were slightly higher，but the difference was not statistically significant. In PROM patients，the TLR2 levels of subclinical chorioamnionitis group （132.64±10.53） is higher than non-chorioamnionitis group （118.32±9.42），the difference was statistically significant （t=6.374，P=0.000）. Conclusions：Infection is an important factor of PROM，but is not the only factor. The expression of TLR2 in PROM is closely related with subclinical chorioamnionitis. Related Articles | Metrics

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Alteration of Maternal Plasma Adiponectin Concentration in Pregnancy and Its Correlation with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus YU Ning;CHEN Xu;ZHANG Zhi-kun 2014, 41 (2):  197-200.  Abstract ( 1041 )   PDF (2098KB) ( 5341 )   Objective：To investigate the dynamic changes of adiponectin and the correlation with gestational diabetes mellitus（GDM），and its prediction of the risk and prognosis in GDM. Methods：A nested case-control study was undertaken. 91 women with GDM，including 60 cases without insulin treatment（A1） and 31 cases with insulin treatment（A2）. 32 women with normal glucose tolerance in control group. Maternal and umbilical plasma adiponectin were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA）. The expression of adiponectin protein in placental was measured by immunohistochemistry. Results： To compare with controls，maternal adiponectin levels were lower in women with GDM at different stages of pregnancy（P＜0.01，P＜0.01，P＜0.05）. Plasma adiponectin levels were significantly decreased in the second and the third trimester（both P＜0.01）. Umbilical plasma adiponectin levels were not significantly different among 3 groups（P＞0.05）. The expression of adiponectin protein in GDM was much lower than normal pregnant women（P＜0.05）. Conclusions：Hypoadiponectinaemia may be relevant to the pathogenesis of GDM. And this alteration occurs in the first and second trimester. Therefore，detecting adiponectin concentration may predict the risk of GDM at an early stage of pregnancy. Further studies are required to verify whether the cytokine plays a role in fetal intrauterine growth. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Impact of Cholesterol on Apoptosis and the Production of Uric Acid of Trophoblasts Cells LI Liu-ye;HUANG Ya-juan 2014, 41 (2):  201-203.  Abstract ( 1248 )   PDF (458KB) ( 5312 )   Objective：To study the influence of different concentrations of cholesterol on cell apoptosis and producing uric acid of trophoblast cell. Methods：Primary culture trophoblasts cells （HPT-8） in the medium with different concentrations of cholesterol for 24 hours，then Annexin V/PI method were used to detect different cells′ apoptosis. Meanwhile，we used ELISA to detect uric acid concentration in the supernatant after 24 hours. Results：Through the analysis we found that the higher cholesterol concentrations （0，25，50，100 mg/L） in medium，the higher cell apoptosis rate. The level of uric acid in the cell culture supernatant is higher，and presents a dose dependent. Conclusions：When medium cholesterol concentration become high，it cause more serious apoptosis of cells，which leads to increased number of microparticles. At the same time the high cholesterol concentration can also cause increased production of uric acid，then induce system inflammatory response and endothelal dysfunction. The two factors play important roles in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of the Factors Influenced the Dysfunction of Pelvic Floor in Primipara JIANG Li;WANG Xia-hong;WU Qing-kai;XI Jie;CAO Yun-gui;ZHANG Qing;ZHU Mei-juan;YAO Jing 2014, 41 (2):  204-206.  Abstract ( 1157 )   PDF (1984KB) ( 5349 )   Objective：To explore the relationship between the dysfunction of pelvic floor in primipara and the expression of elastin、collagen、fibulin-5 and TGF-β in vaginal wall. Methods：The subjects composed of primipara delivered in Maternal and Child Health Care Center of Jiading District，without complications of hypertention，GDM，FGR and fetal macrosomia，aged 20-30 years. The study group，women with SUI and Ⅰ or Ⅱ degree prolapse of anterior vaginal wall by POP-Q and the control group，women without SUI or prolapse of vaginal wall，were investigated. Vaginal wall specimens were obtained during the vaginal delivery after lateral episiotomy. Tissues were detect by Masson stainning to compare the difference of elastin and collagen while expression level of fibulin-5 and TGF-β by immunohistochemistry. Results were analysed by Image-Pro Plus software and Student′s t-test as statistical method. Results：Expression of fibulin-5 were higher in the control group than in the study group （t=3.062，P=0.005），while TGF-β had no statistical difference between them （t=1.670，P=0.098）. Elastin and collagen were abnormal between the two groups by Masson staining，regular，intact in the control group while disorder，fracture in study group. Conclusions：The dysfunction of pelvic floor in pregnancy period may be caused by the decreased expression of elastin and fibulin-5 which is the crosslink factor of elastin. Related Articles | Metrics

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Curative Effect Observation of Heparin in Combination with Aspirin Treatment Unexplained Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion WANG Hui-juan;LI Zeng-yan 2014, 41 (2):  207-208.  Abstract ( 1179 )   PDF (1848KB) ( 5456 )   Objective：To investigate the clinical efficacy of the heparin and low-dose aspirin in the treatment of unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion. Methods：In 78 patients with unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion，patients were randomly divided into observation group（39 cases） and control group（39 cases）. The observation group treated with heparin and aspirin therapy. The control group treated with progesterone，chorionic gonadotropin therapy. To compare the outcome of pregnancy，adverse drug reactions，blood coagulation index，and pregnancy complications of the two groups. Results：The therapeutic efficacy was statistically significant between observation group and control group（P＜0.05）. Drug side effects and pregnancy complications of the two groups had no statistical significance（P＞0.05）. Conclusions：Heparin combined with low-dose aspirin in the treatment of unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion can improve the success rate of pregnancy. This method is safe and effective and is worthy of clinical promotion. Related Articles | Metrics