Abstract: Prenatal prediction of fetal anemia is recognized as a important contributor to guiding the clinical intervention，reducing the perinatal mortality rate and improving the quality of perinatal medicine. Traditional method of prenatal diagnosing fetal hemolytic anemia belongs to the invasive detection，which significantly increased the risks of maternal and fetuses.Recently，there are great progress and development in prenatal diagnosis for fetal anemia in accordance with application two-dimensional，three-dimensional and Doppler ultrasound. More research indicators include thickness and volume of placental，middle cerebral artery peak velocity，fetal cardiovascular circulation，splenic artery peak velocity，free segment of umbilical artery，umbilical vein diameter，umbilical artery pulsatility index，as well as intrahepatic umbilical vein peak velocity，velocity of ductus venosus. In the numerous index in ultrasound，fetal MCA-PSV is the best markers in sensitivity and specificity，combination of multiple indicators will improve the accuracy of diagnosis.

Key words: Ultrasonography, prenatal, Anemia, Placenta, Middle cerebral artery, Umbilical arteries, Cardiovascular system, Splenic artery