Abstract: Human cytomegalovirus（CMV） is the most common pathogene of congenital viral infection. Pathological changes of placenta resulted from CMV infection of placenta combined with cytopathy caused by fetal infection induce serious birth defects， which will be severe challenges to aristogenesis rearing of the state. For a long time， scholars in different countries have been working together to prevent and control symptomatic congenital CMV infection. Both primary and secondary maternal infection can cause intrauterine transmission. CMV serological screening is important for identifying high risk pregnancy. HCMV-specific IgG avidity assay provides more information besides IgG and IgM testing. Once we prove maternal CMV infection， fetal prognosis assessment is most critical. Amniotic fluid CMV-DNA detection and imaging studies could be used to diagnosis of intrauterine infection and fetal prognosis.

Key words: Cytomegalovirus, Pregnancy, Prenatal screening, Prenatal diagnosis