国际妇产科学杂志

国际妇产科学杂志 ›› 2019, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (3): 355-360.

• 论著 • 上一篇    

甘肃省绝经过渡期和绝经后期女性潮热症状发生率及其相关因素

周启敏，张学红   

  1. 730000 兰州大学第一医院生殖医学专科医院，甘肃省生殖医学与胚胎重点实验室
  • 收稿日期:2018-12-10 修回日期:2019-02-28 出版日期:2019-06-15 发布日期:2019-06-25
  • 通讯作者: 张学红，E-mail：zhangxueh@lzu.edu.cn E-mail:zhangxuehong0302@163.com;ldszzx@yahoo.cn

Prevalence and Related Factors of Hot Flashes about Women during Menopausal Transition or Postmenopause in Gansu Province

ZHOU Qi-min, ZHANG Xue-hong   

  1. The Reproductive Medicine Special Hospital of the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Key Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine and Embryo of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, China
  • Received:2018-12-10 Revised:2019-02-28 Published:2019-06-15 Online:2019-06-25
  • Contact: ZHANG Xue-hong, E-mail: zhangxueh@lzu.edu.cn E-mail:zhangxuehong0302@163.com;ldszzx@yahoo.cn

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摘要： 目的：分析甘肃地区绝经过渡期和绝经后期妇女潮热症状的发生率，探讨潮热相关影响因素。方法：2016年7—10月按照多阶段整群随机抽样的方法对甘肃13个市/州54个区/县162个乡/镇40～55岁妇女进行横断面研究，采用问卷调查的方式进行潮热症状的相关信息收集，并分析其可能影响因素。结果：本研究获得有效问卷2 807份，其中绝经过渡期妇女1 393例、绝经后期妇女1 414例。存在潮热症状者1 758例（62.6%），其中轻度潮热880例（50.1%），中度潮热624例（35.5%），重度潮热254例（14.4%）。Logistic回归分析显示，年龄增加（OR=1.070，P=0.000）、高血压（OR=1.547，P=0.000）、痛经（OR=1.422，P=0.000）是潮热发生的危险因素。相较于正常体质量妇女，超重（OR=1.293，P=0.001）、肥胖（OR=2.056，P=0.000）妇女更易发生潮热。另外，回族妇女比汉族妇女更易发生潮热（OR=1.802，P=0.000），体力劳动者较脑力劳动者更易发生潮热（OR=1.392，P=0.013）。结论：甘肃地区62.6%的绝经过渡期和绝经后期女性受潮热问题困扰。年龄增加、BMI增高、高血压、痛经是潮热发生的危险因素，民族差异也与潮热的发生相关，体力劳动者比脑力劳动者更易发生潮热。

关键词: 绝经期, 绝经后期, 潮热, 血管舒缩系统, 综合征

Abstract: Objective：The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence and severity of hot flashes in women during menopausal transitional period or postmenopause and examine the possible risk factors in Gansu Province. Methods：The study was a cross-sectional survey in Gansu Province. It was conducted by a quantitative survey method according to the approach of multi-stage cluster random samples. It was carried out in 13 cities/states-54 districts/counties-162 townships/towns in Gansu. A self-administered questionnaire was used to ascertain some information of the women aged 40-55. Results：A total of 2 807 valid questionnaires were obtained, including 1 393 women in menopausal transition and 1 414 women in postmenopause. There were 1 758 (62.6%) cases of hot flashes, of which 880 (50.1%) were mild degree, 624 (35.5%) were moderate degree, and 254 (14.4%) were severe ones. Ordinal logistic regression analysis showed that the increasing age (OR=1.070, P=0.000), hypertension (OR=1.547, P=0.000), and dysmenorrhea (OR=1.422, P=0.000) are the risk factors for hot flashes. Compared with women of normal weight, women who were overweight (OR=1.293, P=0.001) and obese (OR=2.056, P=0.000) were more prone to hot flashes. In addition, Hui women are more sensitive to hot flashes than Han women (OR=1.802, P=0.000); manual labors are more likely to develop into hot flashes than intelligent labors (OR=1.392, P=0.013). Conclusions：In this study, 62.6% of women in menopausal transitional periods or postmenopause were plagued by hot flashes, in Gansu province. Meanwhile, the elevating age, higher BMI, hypertension and dysmenorrhea are the risk factors to hot flashes. In addition, the prevalence of hot flashes is related to ethnic differences. What′s more, the incidence of hot flashes among manual workers is higher than mental workers.

Key words: Menopause, Postmenopause, Hot flashes, Vasomotor system, Syndrome