我国育龄女性生育意愿及生育力下降的原因及保护策略

doi:10.12280/gjfckx.20240968

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

第七次人口普查数据提示我国已迈入极低生育率阶段，表明我国正面临由低出生率引发的诸多严峻挑战。尽管“三孩”政策的实施使我国的生育自由度达到历史新高，但这一措施尚未能有效遏制出生率的持续下滑。面对生育意愿及出生率的下降和人口老龄化等多种人口问题，各地政府和相关部门正在积极研究并推出生育支持的政策。本文探讨了在现行政策体系下，育龄女性规模减少、婚育意愿降低、生育力降低等因素对出生率下降的影响，并在此基础上提出切实可行的对策。这些对策旨在保护女性生育力，提高育龄女性的生育意愿及生育规模，进而提高整体生育率，为生育政策的进一步优化提供依据，以应对我国当前面临的人口挑战。

关键词: 出生率, 生育力, 生育意愿, 女性, 计划生育政策

Abstract:

Data from the "Seventh National Population Census" indicates that China has entered a period of extremely low fertility, presenting severe challenges stemming from a low birth rate. While the implementation of the "three-child" policy has granted unprecedented reproductive freedom, it has not effectively stemmed the continuous decline in birth rates. Facing declining reproductive intentions and birth rates, along with population aging, various levels of government and relevant departments are actively researching and implementing supportive policies. This article explores the impact of factors such as the shrinking number of women of childbearing age, reduced willingness to marry and have children, and declining fertility on the declining birth rate under the current policy framework. Based on this analysis, we propose practical countermeasures aimed at protecting female fertility, improving the reproductive intention and scale among women of childbearing age, and ultimately increasing the overall fertility rate. These proposals aim to provide a basis for further optimization of fertility policies to address China′s current demographic challenges.

Key words: Birth rate, Fertility, Reproductive intention, Women, Family planning policy

杨晨霞, 周建政. 我国育龄女性生育意愿及生育力下降的原因及保护策略[J]. 国际妇产科学杂志, 2025, 52(1): 46-51.

YANG Chen-xia, ZHOU Jian-zheng. A Brief Discussion on the Declining Reproductive Intention and Fertility among Chinese Women of Childbearing Age: Causes and Protective Strategies[J]. Journal of International Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2025, 52(1): 46-51.

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