Abstract:

Hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy (HDCP) is a group of diseases that coexist with pregnancy and hypertension, and are serious complications of pregnancy. The etiology and pathogenesis have not yet been fully elucidated. Current researches believe that the interaction of internal genetic factors and external environmental factors leading to placental hypoxia-ischemia is the main mechanism of HDCP. Placental ischemia and hypoxia promote the release of biologically active factors into the maternal circulation. On the one hand, it causes vascular endothelial hyperplasia and spasm in important organs of the body (brain, kidney, liver), leading to hypertension, proteinuria, cerebral edema, eclampsia, etc. On the other hand, biologically active factors inhibit the degradation of extracellular matrix, leading to insufficient vascular remodeling ability, increasing vascular arteriosclerosis, increasing vascular resistance and aggravating placental ischemia and hypoxia, triggering HDCP cycles. There are three main biologically active factors involved in the pathogenesis of HDCP: anti-angiogenic factors, pro-angiogenic factors and pro-inflammatory factors. This article combines recent domestic and foreign literature, focusing on the role of three active factors in the pathogenesis of HDCP, and provides a solid theoretical basis for early prediction and early diagnosis of HDCP.

Key words: Hypertension,pregnancy-induced, Pre-eclampsia, Vascular endothelial growth factors, Cytokines, Pro-angiogenic factor, Anti-angiogenic factor