Abstract: Tumor cell can stimulate the procoagulant activity and induce a hypercoagulable state. This tumor hypercoagulability contributes to tumor growth, tumor metastasis and formation of venous thromboembolism. Women with a gynecologic malignancy are considered at high risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). Studies demonstrated that VTE negatively impacted patients′ survival. Current guidelines recommend up to 28 days′ VTE thromboprophylaxis in the immediate postoperative period for patients undergoing open surgery. There are no established guidelines for women undergoing minimally invasive gynecologic surgery and chemotherapy. Appropriate prophylactic therapy should be considered according to each patient′s condition. Heparin is considered to have anti-tumor effect. Whether prolonged thromboprophylaxis can improve patients′ survival needs further investigation.

Key words: Genital neoplasms, female, Anticoagulants, Heparin, low-molecular-weight, Venous thrombosis, Pulmonary embolism