Table of Content

15 October 2015, Volume 42 Issue 5
Previous Issue    Next Issue
---
综述
论著
综述
论著
综述
论著
讲座


For Selected:

Download Citations EndNote Ris BibTeX

Toggle Thumbnails

综述

Select

Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 and Menopause Hormone Therapy′s Cardiovascular Protective Effect LIU Wen-hua;TANG Shan-shan;DENG Miao;ZHANG Hong-yan;ZHANG Zhi-fen 2015, 42 (5):  485-487.  Abstract ( 1093 )   PDF (602KB) ( 4928 )   A variety of diseases, including cardiovascular disease, are widely recognized as inflammatory diseases. Many cytokines and chemokines are involved in the pathological processes of cardiovascular disease. Menopause is estrogen′s deficiency, which leads to the glucolipid metabolic abnormality, inflammatory factors′ imbalance, the state of chronic inflammation. Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1（MCP-1） induces and regulates the formation and release of other inflammatory cytokines, mediating inflammation, therefore is considered as the start of the inflammatory factor. MCP-1 chemokines monocyte from the lumen to the subendothelial space, initiating foam cells and fatty streak formation that leads to atherosclerotic plaque formation, which is considered to be the key factor of atherosclerosis. Research has shown that menopause hormone therapy（MHT） can down regulate the level of postmenopausal women serum MCP-1，so as to exert its effect of cardiovascular protection. MCP-1 and the cardiovascular protective effect of MHT will be summarized. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Telomerase and Female Reproductive Function LONG Na;LI Jin;CAI Bo-yu;CAI Xia 2015, 42 (5):  488-491.  Abstract ( 1213 )   PDF (593KB) ( 4950 )   Telomerase is an enzyme which is responsible for the extension of telomeres. By synthesizing DNA ends of chromosomes, it can confer cell replication immortality, which plays an important role in maintaining telomere stability, genomic integrity, cell activity and potential long-term proliferative ability. To change the structure and function of telomere / telomerase complex behavior may result in different diseases, especially the cancer. The expression of telomerase activity has different levels in normal human germ cells, early embryos, stem cells, highly proliferative cells and many cancer cells, and telomerase activity has been shown very strict regulation. Under the regulation of female reproductive function, telomerase activity plays an important role in follicular development and atresia, cyclical changes in endometrial, ovarian reserve and regulate hormones, etc., and to a certain extent, it can predict ovarian reserve function and IVF pregnancy outcome. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Research Progress of Cyclooxygenase-2 in Endometrial Polyps ZHANG Jia-nan;TANG Xiao-han;LU Mei-song 2015, 42 (5):  492-495.  Abstract ( 985 )   PDF (465KB) ( 4957 )   Endometrial polyps (EP) is clinically more common gynecological disease that can lead to irregular uterine bleeding, increased menstrual flow, infertility, and there is a certain degree of malignant transformation rate. With the development of reproductive medicine and hysteroscopy, diagnosis and treatment of EP has been greatly improved, but the pathogenesis of EP remains unclear. Recent studies have found that the incidence of EP may be the result of multiple factors. The role of cytokines in EP is paid more and more attention. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is a prostaglandin synthesis as a major rate-limiting enzyme in metabolism of arachidonic acid to its various prostaglandins products. COX-2 expression regulated primarily at the transcriptional level, when cells stimulated by growth factors and cytokines, lipopolysaccharides, genes and other stimulus, after a series of signal transduction, induced the COX-2 transcription and expression, which has an important role in tumor development and is closely related to onset of the EP. COX-2 expression in EP may provide a new breakthrough for the EP′s research and treatment. Related Articles | Metrics

论著

Select

Construction Digital Three-dimensional Model of Female Pelvic Preasacral Venous Plexus Based on Magnetic Resonance Angiography CHEN Ruo-lan;LIU Ping;CHEN Chun-lin;PENG Cheng;HUANG Lu;CHEN Lan;WANG Jian-ping;TANG Lei;ZHONG Shi-zhen 2015, 42 (5):  496-499.  Abstract ( 1033 )   PDF (1113KB) ( 5009 )   Objective：To explore the method to construct the three-dimensional of the presacral venous plexus based on Magnetic Resonance Angiography（MRA）， observe the vascular anatomy of the presacral space. Methods：The original Dicom datasets were obtained from 10 young healthy nulliparous woman by MRA in Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University in October 2012. Then the pelvic venous vascular network，pelvis，pelvic artery vascular were reconstructed by inputting the datasets into Mimics 10.01 software. Results：The digital three-dimensional models of pelvic venous vascular network was built， which could clearly show middle sacral vein，transverse veins，and lateral sacral vein. Combined with the view of venous vascular network with pelvis and pelvic arterial vascular network，the anatomic structure and drainage region of pelvic veins are much more clearer. Conclusions：To construct the three-dimensional of the presacral venous plexus based on MRA is an effective method to investigate the relative safety area anatomy， which has better clinical utility. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Expression of ER and TrkB in Endometriosis YONG Min-jie;LI Wen-qian;WANG Fang;JIN Wei;LIU Bo;YU Xiao-hui 2015, 42 (5):  500-503.  Abstract ( 1099 )   PDF (2658KB) ( 4923 )   Objective：To detect the expression of estrogen receptor (ER) and TrkB in eutopic endometrium and ectopic endometrium in patients with endometriosis, and explore the potential effect of ER and TrkB in the pathogenesis of EMs. Methods：The expressions of ERα, ERβ, TrkB and BDNF in 18 cases with EMs (include 9 proliferating phase cases and 9 secretory phase of eutopic endometrium) were examined using real-time PCR, Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. Results：At mRNA and protein levels, the expression of ERα in eutopic endometrium was higher than ectopic endometrium with endometriosis, while the expression of ERβ and TrkB in eutopic endometrium were lower than ectopic endometrium with endometriosis, all of that difference have statistically significant (P＜0.05). Higher ratio of ERβ/ERα mRNA was found in ectopic endometriosis than eutopic endometrium. In eutopic endometrium, ERα, ERβ and TrkB proteins were mainly expressed in proliferative phase than that in secretory phase (P＜0.05). ERα expression was mainly found in cell nucleus of eutopic endometrium, while ERβ was mainly found in cytoplasm of ectopic endometrium. The expression of ERα and ERβ were more obvious in EMs eutopic endometrium proliferative phase than that in secretory phase. TrkB and BDNF were expressed in both eutopic and ectopic endometrium with EMs, and were mainly expressed in cytoplasm. TrkB was more obvious in proliferative phase eutopic endometrium of EMs. Conclusions：ERβ and TrkB may mediate the pathogenesy of EMs. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

The Anti-oxidative Effect of Astragalus Membranaceus on Postmenopausal Osteoporosis CUI Hong;JIA Wen-bin;YANG Qi;FENG Ya-fei 2015, 42 (5):  504-507.  Abstract ( 1148 )   PDF (705KB) ( 4958 )   Objective：To study the specific mechanisms underlying the improvement of astragalus membranaceus（AM） on postmenopausal osteoporosis. Methods：A total of 40 three-month-old female SD rats were randomly divided into four groups: sham group, ovariectomized（ＯＶＸ） group, the AM group, and the antioxidant group. Four weeks after surgery, each group was respectively given their treatment by gavage. Animals were sacrificed at 12 weeks, and levels of oxidative stress in serum and bone tissue, femur bone density and bone metabolism were analyzed. Results：Significantly higher oxidative stress level and lower bone mineral density were observed in the OVX group than that in the sham group （all P＜0.01）. Compared with the OVX group, AM group and antioxidant group showed significantly reduced oxidative stress level （P＜0.01）, while the femur bone density was significantly increased （P＜0.05） and alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin were significantly decreased （both P＜0.05）. Conclusions：AM extract can effectively improve bone loss and bone metabolism in ovariectomized rats, and this improvement was achieved by its antioxidant effect. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Clinical Analysis of 4 Cases of Complete Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome WANG Xiao-feng;ZHU Ying-jun 2015, 42 (5):  508-510.  Abstract ( 1264 )   PDF (445KB) ( 4860 )   Objective：To investigate the complete androgen insensitivity syndrome （ＣＡＩＳ）, and evaluate the application of laparoscopy in the diagnosis and treatment in CAIS. Methods：Four cases of CAIS admitted to and underwent surgery in General Gynecology in Tianjin Central Hospital of Gynecology and Obstetrics from September of 2009 to October of 2012 were studied retrospectively, through analyzing and comparing medical history, clinical characteristics, hormone levels [testosterone, estradiol （Ｅ２）, luteinizing hormone （ＬＨ）, follicle stimulating hormone （ＦＳＨ）, progesterone, prolactin （ＰＲＬ） etc.], surgical findings and gonad pathological results were analysed combined with literatures. Results：All patients had a karyotype of 46, XY. Hormone levels were measured, compared with normal males, three cases had normal testosterone, one was significantly lower than the normal, four cases had elevated LH, FSH was normal in one case but higher than normal in other three cases, one in which was significantly higher than the normal; E2, progesterone, PRL were normal in four cases. One case underwent laparoscopic bilateral orchiectomy, one case underwent laparoscopic bilateral orchiectomy and perineal vaginoplasty, one case underwent bilateral orchiectomy by vulva, one case underwent laparoscopic assisted bilateral orchiectomy by inguinal. Four cases of pathologically proven after excision of the gonads were dysplasia of testicular tissue. Conclusions：Early diagnosis of CAIS is very important, patients should be treated as female social gender with gonadectomy and subsequent hormone replacement. Laparoscopy has unique advantages in the diagnosis and treatment of CAIS. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

The Prospective Study of Ajust■ and TVT-OTM in the Treatment of SUI XIN Xing;SONG Yue;XIA Zhi-jun 2015, 42 (5):  511-514.  Abstract ( 960 )   PDF (577KB) ( 4960 )   Objective：To compare the patient-reported and objective cure rates, postoperative pain, postoperative complications, and postoperative quality of life of Adjustable Single-incision Sling (Ajust■) versus Tension-free Vaginal Tape-obturator (TVT-OTM) in the treatment of female stress urinary incontinence (SUI). Methods：A randomised trial was conducted in the period between January 2012 and May 2013, with the 327 SUI female patients randomised to either Ajust■ group (163 cases) or TVT-OTM group(164 cases). Evaluations were performed to compare the patient-reported and objective cure rates, postoperative complications, postoperative pain profile using Visual Analogue Scale（VAS）, Patient Global Impression of Improvement Scale (PGI-I) and International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Short Form (ICIQ-SF) of these two groups. Results：Compared with the TVT-OTM group, patients in the Ajust■ group had a significantly lower postoperative pain (P＜0.05), shorter operative duration, and less intraoperative blood loss (P=0.00). No significant difference in peri-operative complications was shown between these two groups. Patient-reported and objective cure rates between the Ajust■ and TVT-OTM groups were: 92.0% versus 89.6% and 95.1% versus 93.9% respectively, but this did not reach statistical significance（P＞0.05）. In comparison with the TVT-OTM group, the Ajust■ group showed an earlier recovery to normal activities (P=0.00). It is proved in PGI-I that both Ajust■ and TVT-OTM groups had a significant improvement of life quality(P=0.00), but no significant difference was shown about the average improvement of life quality between these two groups (P=0.235). Conclusions：Ajust■ procedure is simple, safe and effective treatment of SUI. Compared with TVT-OTM, Ajust■ is simpler and faster, less intraoperative blood loss, generates less postoperative pain and quicker recovery. Related Articles | Metrics

综述

Select

Metabonomics Application in Maternal-fetal Medicine LI Xing;CHANG Ying;CHEN Xu 2015, 42 (5):  516-519.  Abstract ( 1046 )   PDF (631KB) ( 4952 )   Metabonomics refers to the study of dynamic system responses of multiple endogenous body metabolites to a stressor, pathophysiological stimuli, or genetic modification, it is a research field concerned with developing methods for analysis of low molecular weight compounds in biological systems, such as cells, organs or organisms. Maternal metabolism during pregnancy is a major determinant of the intrauterine environment and fetal outcomes, which can affect fetal outcomes. Given the recognized lack of prenatal clinical methods for the early diagnosis of pregnancy-related diseases, and the continuing need for optimized diagnosis methods for specific chromosomal disorders （e.g. trisomy 21） and fetal malformations, many research sought specific metabolic signatures of these conditions. The application of metabonomics to maternal-fetal medicine research will help to predictive disease biomarkers and interpret the pathogenesis. In addition, it can also provide the theoretical and experimental support for prevention and treatment of pregnancy-related diseases as well as the prognosis of mothers and their infants. Review the current and potential applications of metabolomics in pregnancy-related diseases. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Research Progress in First-trimester Biomarker for Prediction of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus LI Zhi-jie;WU Yue-qin 2015, 42 (5):  520-523.  Abstract ( 968 )   PDF (498KB) ( 4960 )   Gestational diabetes mellitus（GDM） is one of the most important complications emerging at pregnancy. Women diagnosed with GDM is characterized by increased risk of various fetal and maternal complications which include gestational hypertension disease, premature rupture of membranes, postpartum hemorrhage and developing type Ⅱ diabetes mellitus after childbirth. At the same time, the babies are at higher risk of fetal macrosomia and deformity, neonatal asphyxia and neonatal hypoglycemia, and suffering from metabolic diseases and obesity after reaching adulthood. The routine screening for GDM begins at 24-28 weeks with a glucose challenge test. But a test method for GDM detection at the first-trimester is still lacking. With the increasing of GDM patients, early screening is getting more and more attention. Over the years, several scientists reported their new findings on early predictors of GDM. The new predictors include high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, sex hormone binding globulin, soluble pro-renin receptor, glycosylated fibronectin and galanin. This review is focused on summarizing the recent advances of these five potential predictors. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Progress of SDF-1/CXCR4 and Hypertensive Disorder Complicating Pregnancy ZHU Xiao-hua;LUO Xin 2015, 42 (5):  524-527.  Abstract ( 978 )   PDF (528KB) ( 4973 )   Stromal cell derived factor 1 （SDF-1） is only physiological ligand of CXC chemokine receptor 4 （CXCR4）. CXCR4 can specifically bind to SDF-1 formed a SDF-1/CXCR4 biological axis, thus completing the corresponding biological effects. SDF-1 and its receptor CXCR4 plays an important role in physiological and pathological processes in the body. A large number of studies show that the roles of SDF-1/CXCR4 in immunity and inflammation, embryo development, activation of anti-apoptotic pathways, hematopoietic stem cell migration, homing, regulation of angiogenesis, hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy （HDCP）, preeclampsia and other biological processes have become a hot spot in biological research. In normal pregnancy, the formed of placenta played a decisive role, so the study on the expression of SDF-1/CXCR4 in the placental bed HDCP will provide a way to explore the possible pathogenesis of HDCP. Bad blood vessel formation process of erosion in trophoblast cells and bad remodeling of the spiral arteries in cell and irregular anti-apoptosis ability exceptions are the key causes of HDCP. Research shows that the decreased of SDF-1/CXCR4 in pregnant women with preeclampsia′s placenta bed has a significant incidence of hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy. This article reviews SDF-1 and CXCR4′s research progress in hypertensive disorders in pregnancy. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

The Research Advances in Correlations and the Mechanism between Maternal Obesity and the Nervous and Mental Diseases in the Offspring HE Yi-chen;ZOU Si-yi;CHEN Li-jia;SHI Yen-chi;DING Zhi-de 2015, 42 (5):  528-532.  Abstract ( 1068 )   PDF (706KB) ( 4902 )   In recent years, the global prevalence of obesity continues to rise and the problem of overweight and obesity among women of childbearing age has become more prominent, leading to worldwide attention. Obesity can contribute to a series of diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes, kidney disease, etc. At the same time, more and more evidences indicated that maternal obesity might have potential and long-term adverse effects on the development of their offspring. Previous studies mainly focused on the endocrine changes in maternal obesity-related offspring, whereas some epidemiological investigations and animal model studies have recently shown the correlations between maternal obesity and nervous and mental diseases in its offspring. This article provides an overview of the effects of maternal obesity on the nervous and mental system in the offspring, including the occurrence and development of intellectual disability, schizophrenia, autism, anxiety, and Alzheimer′s disease. Additionally, it can elucidate the correlative mechanism, which would have crucial clinical and social significance in the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of the nervous and mental diseases for maternal obesity-related offspring. Related Articles | Metrics

论著

Select

The Study of the CD28/CTLA-4 Disturbance in Early-onset Severe Preeclampsia Prior to Delivery and after Parturition ZHANG Na-na;LYU Ying-pu;YANG Shi-fang;CHEN Yan-jun;ZHANG Wen-zhen;LI Cong-wei 2015, 42 (5):  533-535.  Abstract ( 966 )   PDF (445KB) ( 4885 )   Objective：To study the alteration of the leukocyte differentiation antigens 28/cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 (CD28/CTLA-4) in maternal blood lymphocyte from patients with early-onset severe preeclampsia to investigate the function of CD28/CTLA-4 in the pathogenesis of early-onset severe preeclampsia. Methods：Peripheral blood from 30 patients with early-onset preeclampsia (PE) [prior to delivery (PTD) and after parturition (AP)]. It applies flow cytometry to detect expression of CD28/CTLA-4 of peripheral lymphocytes in CD4+T and CD8+T cells. At the same time, to determine blood pressure and the functions of liver and kidney. Results：The CD3+CD4+CTLA-4+, CD3+CD8+CTLA-4+ cells in early-onset severe preeclampsia before delivery above after childbirth, CD3+CD4+CD28+/CD3+CD4+CTLA-4+, CD3+CD8+CD28+/CD3+CD8+ CTLA-4+ below after childbirth, was statistically significant (P＜0.05). There isn′t correlation between the CD3+CD4+CD28+/CD3+CD4+CTLA-4+ and CD3+CD8+CD28+/CD3+CD8+CTLA-4+ (r=-0.037, P=0.844). Conclusions：After parturition, the station about the decrease of CTLA-4 and the increase of CD28/CTLA-4 might be relation to early-onset preeclampsia. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

The Affection of Hemodynamic Changes of Patients with Severe PE or/combined with ICP to Pregnancy Result WANG Jing;LIU Xiao-jun;WANG Jing;DING Ya-qin 2015, 42 (5):  536-539.  Abstract ( 1105 )   PDF (558KB) ( 4891 )   Objective：To investigate the affection of hemodynamic changes to pregnancy results in women suffer from severe preeclampsia or/combined with intrahepatic cholestasis by noninvasive hemodynamic monitoring system. Methods：176 pregnant women were selected and classified into following groups: severe ICP （n=32）, severe preeclampsia （PE, n=81）, severe PE combined with ICP （n=25）, normal control （n=38）. Noninvasive hemodynamic monitoring, cardiac color ultrasonography monitoring, biochemical testing, and delivery information collecting were performed in all patients. Results：FGR and IUFD rates of PE combined with ICP group were the highest （P＜0.05）, and the apgar score （0 min） was the lowest （P＜0.05）. Furthermore, the peripheral vascular resistance, blood viscosity, cardiac index （CI）, stroke index and the peripheral vascular compliance change most distinct in all the hemodynamic index （P＜0.05）, the left atrial diameter （ＬＡ） and left ventricular end diastolic diameter （LVD） were increased, left ventricular ejection fraction （ＥＦ） was the lowest. In severe ICP group, blood viscosity and peripheral arterial compliance were also significantly varied （P＜0.05）. However, CI, heart beat index, peripheral vascular resistance, LA, LVD, and EF average value did not obviously vary （P＞0.05）. Otherwise, the increase of blood viscosity in pregnant women was closely related to FGR（OR=2.973，95%CI：2.047-4.319，P＜0.05）. Conclusions：Noninvasive hemodynamic monitoring system combined with biochemical testing provides another way to monitor the fetal intrauterine hypoxia, and reduce the rate of intrauterine fetal death. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

The Influence of Doula Instrument Combined with Doula Support to the Primiparas′ Delivery ZHENG Yu-min;DONG Sheng-wen;LAN Shu-hai 2015, 42 (5):  540-542.  Abstract ( 939 )   PDF (502KB) ( 4943 )   Objective：To explore the influence of Doula instrument combined with Doula support to the primiparas′ pain perception and labor course. Methods: Conducted a program to compare differences between 20 women with Doula support (study group) and 20 women without Doula support （ｃｏｎｔｒｏｌ ｇｒｏｕｐ） from December 2013 to February 2014 in Baodi People′s Hospital in Tianjin. All 40 primiparas in accordance with inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria were divided randomly into two groups. Compared the differences in pain perception and labor course between two groups. Results: There is interaction between the using Doula instrument combined Doula support in labor and the VAS score in different stage of labor course （Finteraction=6.636, Pinteraction=0.002）. The VAS were statistically significant in different stages of labor （Ｆｔｉme=522.636, Ptime＜0.001）. The differences of VAS between study group and control group was statistically significant （Fgroups=28.903, Pgroups＜0.001）. The time of the first stage of labor in study group was shorter than in the control group （t=4.669, P=0.000）. Conclusions: Doula instrument combined Doula support is helpful to reduce the pain and shorten labor stages. It promotes natural labor in a comfortable, painless and safe situation. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

The Clinical Analysis of Dangerous Placenta Previa and Ordinary Placenta Previa ZHANG Hai-ling;WANG Bing;ZHANG Qing 2015, 42 (5):  543-545.  Abstract ( 1059 )   PDF (448KB) ( 4917 )   Objective：To analyze the clinical feature and treatment of dangerous placenta previa. Methods：The clinical data of 9 640 people who delivered in our hospital in July 2012—June 2014 were reviewed retrospectively, including 1 284 cases with once or more history of cesarean section, accounted for 1.3% （128/9 640） of the delivery of pregnant women at the same period. 128 cases of placenta previa, accounted for 2.6% （34/1 284） of the scar uterus pregnant women at the same period. Including 94 cases （73.4%） of ordinary placenta previa and 34 cases （26.6%） of dangerous placenta previa. Results：The incidence of dangerous placenta previa complicated by placenta accreta was significantly higher than that of common placenta previa group （χ2=11.04, P=0.00）. The duration of operation, amount of bleeding in or after operation and the amount of blood transfusion were higher than the common placenta previa group （P＜0.05）. There were no significant difference in the Hb value before operation （P＞0.05）, but the amended Hb value in dangerous placenta previa group was lower than the ordinary placenta previa group after operation （P＜0.05）. Conclusions：The rate of dangerous placenta previa complicated by placenta accreta was high, the operation was difficult, liable to accur severe intrapartum and postpartum hemorrhage, so it was dangerous to mother and perinatal fetus. Elective surgery with full preparation and by experienced obstetrician is the key to successful treatment. Strictly for the first time cesarean section pointer, in order to reduce the incidence of dangerous placenta previa. Related Articles | Metrics

综述

Select

Advances of Sphingosine-1-phosphate in Angiogenesis LIU Yi-xuan;DAI Lan;DI Wen 2015, 42 (5):  555-559.  Abstract ( 1113 )   PDF (648KB) ( 4941 )   Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), a kind of bioactive messenger, acts via the specific cell surface G-protein-coupled receptors, S1PR1-5, to mediates various biological behaviors. Emerging evidence shows that, through S1PR1, S1PR2 and S1PR3, S1P exerts both positive and negative effects on the regulation of vascular formation, including endothelial cells movement and adhesion, vascular development, barrier protection and vascular functions. Tumor angiogenesis plays crucial roles in tumor growth. Blockade of S1P and its signaling of angiogenesis play an anti-tumor effect in breast cancer and prostate cancer. It has been proved that S1P is involved in angiogenesis of ovarian cancer but the mechanism is not clear. Further research is expected to provide new therapeutic direction to inhibit the growth of ovarian cancer. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Research Progress in Serum Tumor Markers of Early Diagnosis of Ovarian Cancer YUE Juan;LIU Fei;LI Yan-hong 2015, 42 (5):  560-563.  Abstract ( 994 )   PDF (531KB) ( 5027 )   Ovarian cancer is the most leading cause of death in gynecologic malignancies. Since lack of early detection strategies, the majority of the patients are diagnosed at advanced stage disease, of which the cure rate is only 20%-30%. It has been observed that the survival rate of patients at early stages is higher than those diagnosed with advanced disease. Therefore, to improve the quality of patients′ life, it is important and effective to get the early diagnosis methods of ovarian cancer. At present, transvaginal ultrasound combining with detection of serum tumor markers is the main clinical screening strategy. In order to improve the accuracy of early detection and diagnosis of ovarian cancer, in addition to carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125), which is widely used to diagnosis of ovarian carcinoma, monitor its development and evaluate the prognosis, human epididymis protein 4 (HE4), osteopontin (OPN), mesothelin (MSLN) and costimulatory molecules B7-H4 also begin to become supplementary means for diagnosis of ovarian carcinoma. Then, OPN and B7-H4 can be used as ideal target genes and purpose for diagnosis of ovarian cancer. Detection of soluble mesothelin-related protein (SMRP) and OPN in patients′ urine is a noninvasive method of diagnosis of ovarian cancer. This paper reviews the serologic tumor markers associated with ovarian cancer that had been verified at present. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Progress in the Research of PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathway in Ovarian Clear Cell Carcinoma AN Wen;TANG Xiao-han;LI Meng;DENG Suo;LU Mei-song 2015, 42 (5):  564-567.  Abstract ( 1090 )   PDF (520KB) ( 4890 )   Ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC) is a special histological subtype of epithelial ovarian cancer, and presents resistant to the traditional chemotherapy on-hand, resulting in poor prognosis, so looking for a novel targeted therapy is extremely urgent. PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway plays a significant role in the process of occurrence and development of ovarian cancer, and is intimately related to the resistance of chemotherapy. The suppression of apoptosis, the promotion of cell proliferation and the migration of tumor can be enforced by the pathway activation. The various proteins in PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathways express anomaly in the OCCC frequently, and thus the special receptor and kinase of the pathway could be a potential target for the therapy of ovarian clear cell carcinoma. The increasing of paclitaxel or cis-platinum cytotoxic effection and the growth of OCCC are in touch with PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathways in available studies. As the most frequent mutation in OCCC, ARID1A is especially related to PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathways. Therefore, to search for novel targeted drug to the pathway may benefit the treatment of OCCC to some extent. To lay a theory fundation of the new targeted treatment, the relationship of this pathway and OCCC will be interpreted in this paper. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Research Progress in Drug Delivery Nanoparticles for Ovarian Cancer Treatment BAO Sheng-fang;LI Jia-rui 2015, 42 (5):  568-570.  Abstract ( 1102 )   PDF (664KB) ( 4950 )   Ovarian cancer is the leading cause of death among gynecological malignancies. Signs and symptoms of ovarian cancer are frequently absent in early stages. It is easily to invade or spread to other parts of the body. So, it is difficult to diagnose until it spreads and advances to later stages. Some patients cannot tolerate the adverse chemotherapy reaction, so the effect of chemotherapy is hardly satisfactory. Moreover, drug resistance is common and recurrent rate of ovarian cancer is high. These challenges lead to the development of drug delivery nanoparticles for ovarian cancer treatment. Based on enhanced permeability and retention effect, domestic and foreign scholars prepare drug delivery nanoparticles and targeted tumor to complete drug release. It helps to enhance efficacy and reduce side effects in vivo and in vitro research. Various drug delivery nanoparticles are developed by different nanomaterials and some combine with gene, immune therapy. Nano-sized carriers can also be functionalized to both diagnose and treat cancer. This review focuses on different types of targeted nanotherapy for ovarian cancer treatment, including passive targeting, active targeting, magnetic targeting, gene targeting, immune targeting and ultrasound targeting. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

The Research Progress in Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor in the Development of Female Reproductive Tract Malignant Tumors LI Hui;WU Su-hui;ZHANG Su-yu 2015, 42 (5):  571-574.  Abstract ( 1035 )   PDF (644KB) ( 4894 )   Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is one of the most widely researched cytokines in recent years. Under physiological conditions, MIF mediates inflammation and immune response in embryonic development, tissues repair after trauma. Recently, MIF has also been proved to play a pivotal role during the development of gynecologic malignant tumors, such as cervical cancer, ovarian cancer, endometrial cancer and so on, and it also has a close relationship with the malignant degree of tumors. MIF can activate a variety of signaling pathways, such as JNK/c-Jun and PI3K/Akt. MIF can accelerate the progression of malignant tumors through promoting cells proliferation, adhesion, metastasis, angiogenesis, immune suppression and so on. Studies have shown that inhibition of secretion and biological activity of MIF can effectively slow down or even reverse tumor development. MIF antagonist may be a new therapeutic target for tumors. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Research Progress of the Relationship between Anxa4 and Gynecologic Tumour CHEN Yong-hua;WANG Gui-qing 2015, 42 (5):  575-578.  Abstract ( 992 )   PDF (680KB) ( 4897 )   Annexin A4 (Anxa4) is an important member of the annexin protein superfamily which mediates cellular apoptosis, differentiation and regulates proliferation, invasion, metastasis, angiogenesis and chemoresistance of cancer. Recent studies showed that Anxa4 has changes in expression levels in many cancers such as different types of ovary and endometrial cancer: chemoresistant ovarian clear cell carcinoma compared with chemosensitive serous adenocarcinoma of the ovary and uterine serous carcinoma with aggressive biological behavior compared with uterine endometrioid carcinoma, Anxa4 is overexpressed. But in comparison with the sensitive parental cell line, Anxa4 is less expressed in the cisplatin-resistant ovarian serous adenocarcinoma cell line. Overexpression of Anxa4 induced resistance against apoptotic stimulation by chemotherapeutic drugs. Anxa4 accomplishes its biological functions associated with tumour chemosensitivity through a non-transcriptional mechanism via the regulation of calcium signals pathway and anti-cancer drugs transport, and also exerts its biological process through a transcriptional mechanism via NF-κB related genomic effect. In the article, we review about studies on the relationship between Anxa4 and gynecologic tumour to provide research data about molecular-targeted Anxa4 treatment. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Thromboprophylaxis in Gynecologic Cancer CHEN Ji-mou;DI Wen 2015, 42 (5):  579-582.  Abstract ( 1027 )   PDF (521KB) ( 4880 )   Tumor cell can stimulate the procoagulant activity and induce a hypercoagulable state. This tumor hypercoagulability contributes to tumor growth, tumor metastasis and formation of venous thromboembolism. Women with a gynecologic malignancy are considered at high risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). Studies demonstrated that VTE negatively impacted patients′ survival. Current guidelines recommend up to 28 days′ VTE thromboprophylaxis in the immediate postoperative period for patients undergoing open surgery. There are no established guidelines for women undergoing minimally invasive gynecologic surgery and chemotherapy. Appropriate prophylactic therapy should be considered according to each patient′s condition. Heparin is considered to have anti-tumor effect. Whether prolonged thromboprophylaxis can improve patients′ survival needs further investigation. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Research Progress of Long Non-coding RNAs in Cervical Cancer SU Guan-nan;WANG Dong-liang;WANG Wu-liang;ZHU Qian-yong 2015, 42 (5):  583-587.  Abstract ( 1168 )   PDF (693KB) ( 4889 )   Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a group of RNA molecules which are longer than 200 nucleotides and they cannot encode proteins. Recent studies have demonstrated that lncRNAs are widely involved in the regulation of gene expression network at transcriptional, post-transcriptional and epigenetic levels, which may affect growth, proliferation, differentiation, metabolism, apoptosis and other important physiological processes of cells. In cervical cancer, lncRNA may act as the tumor promoter or tumor suppressor. It is becoming evident that lncRNAs may be an important class of pervasive genes involved in the regulation of multiple cellular biological processes, including apoptosis, tumor invasion and metastasis. lncRNA is hopefully to become the new type of molecular marker and therapeutic target in the diagnosis and treatment of cervical cancer. Combined with domestic and foreign latest reports, there are mainly six lncRNAs may have the role of carcinogenesis: HOX transcription antisense RNA (HOTAIR), lung adenocarcinoma metastasis related transcripts 1 (MALAT1), H19, EBIC, Linc-p21 and brain cell mass(BC200), and mainly two lncRNAs may have the function of cervical cancer suppressor: maternal imprinted genes 3 (MEG3) and XLOC_010588, changing their expression levels of cells may has an obvious effect on the mutiple biological behaviors such as cell proliferation, invasion. Moreover, they are closely associated with clinical pathologic factors of cervical cancer and influence the prognosis of disease. Related Articles | Metrics

论著

Select

Expression of let-7i in Endometrial Carcinoma and Its Clinical Significance QI Li-ning;ZHANG Xia;XU Shu-wen;LI Xue-hui;MENG Ya-li;ZHENG Yan;DAI Li-li;ZHANG Hua-lin;ZHANG Hong-zhen 2015, 42 (5):  588-590.  Abstract ( 998 )   PDF (499KB) ( 4885 )   Objective：To investigate the expression of let-7i in endometrial carcinoma tissues and its clinical significance. Methods: Forty cases of endometrial carcinoma, twenty cases of atypical hyperplasia and thirty cases of normal endometrium tissues were collected from 2011 April to 2014 December at The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University. Poly（Ａ）-RT-qPCR was employed to test the expression of let-7i in different endometrial tissues. The statistical analyses were performed between the expression of let-7i and the clinicopathological characteristics. Results: The expression of let-7i was lower in endometrial caｒｃｉｎｏｍａ ｔｉｓｓｕｅｓ ｔｈａｎ ｔｈａｔ ｏｆ ａｔｙｐｉｃａｌ ｈｙｐｅｒｐｌａｓｉａ ａｎｄ ｎｏｒｍａｌ ｅｎｄｏｍｅｔｒｉｕｍ ｔｉｓｓｕｅｓ， ａｎｄ ｔｈｅ ｄｉｆｆｅｒｅｎｃｅ ｗａｓ ｓｔａｔｉｓｔｉｃａｌｌｙ ｓｉｇｎｉｆｉｃａｎｔ（Ｐ＜０．０１）． Ｔｈｅ ｅｘｐｒｅｓｓｉｏｎ ｏｆ ｌｅｔ－７ｉ ｉｎ ｄｉｆｆｅｒｅｎｔ ａｇｅ， ｐａｔｈｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌ ｔｙｐｅ， ＦＩＧＯ ｓｔａｇｅｓ， ｐａｔｈｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌ ｇｒａｄｅｓ ｏｆ ｅｎｄｏｍｅｔｒｉａｌ ｃａｒｃｉｎｏｍａ ｐａｔｉｅｎｔｓ ｈａｄ ｎｏ ｓｉｇｎｉｆｉｃａｎｔ ｄｉｆｆｅｒｅｎｃｅ （Ｐ＞０．０５）， ａｎｄ ｉｔｓ ｅｘｐｒｅｓｓｉｏｎ ｉｎ ｅｎｄｏｍｅｔｒｉａｌ ｃａｒｃｉｎｏｍａ ｐａｔｉｅｎｔｓ ｗｈｅｔｈｅｒ ｗｉｔｈ ｈｙｐｅｒｔｅｎｓｉｏｎ， ｄｉａｂｅｔｅｓ， ｌｙｍｐｈ ｎｏｄｅ ｍｅｔａｓｔａｓｉｓ ａｎｄ ＥＲ－ｐｏｓｉｔｉｖｅ， ＰＲ－ｐｏｓｉｔｉｖｅ ｈａｄ ｎｏ ｓｔａｔｉｓｔｉｃａｌ ｄｉｆｆｅｒｅｎｃｅ （Ｐ＞０．０５）. Conclusions: The expression of let-7i was down-regulated in endometrial carcinoma tissues, and it may regulate the origination of endometrial carcinoma. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

The Comparison of CA125 Alone and Multiterm Tumor Index Combined Detection in the Diagnosis of Ovarian Cancer ZHU Jue;ZHANG Ke;MA Sheng-lin 2015, 42 (5):  591-593.  Abstract ( 1127 )   PDF (374KB) ( 4936 )   Objective：To evaluate the clinical value of serum CA125 and CA125 combined with CA199, CA153, CEA detections in the diagnosis of ovarian cancer. Methods: Chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay was used to detect the serum levels of CA125, CA199, CA153 and CEA in 71 patients with ovarian cancer, 10 patients with borderline ovarian tumors and 42 patients with benign ovarian tumors. Positive diagnostic criteria of the four tumor marker: CA199＞37 kU/L, CA153＞30 kU/L, CEA＞5 μg/L, CA125＞35 kU/L. Results: The positive rate（８４．５％） of CA125 was highest among that of four tumor markers. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of CA125 were smooth. The combined detection of CA199, CA153, CA125 was optimal in the four different combinations. Compared with CA125 alone, the sensitivity and accuracy of combined detection of CA199, CA153, CA125 were significantly increased. The levels of CA153 and CA125 for ovarian cancer patients in stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ were obviously higher than those in stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ （P＜0.001）. Conclusions: CA199, CA153, CEA and CA125 have some value in the differential diagnosis of ovarian cancer. And we can determine the stage of ovarian cancer patients according to CA153, CA125 content. The combined detection of CA199, CA153 and CA125 is an ideal marker on diagnosis of ovarian cancer. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

The Value of Monitoring Serum HE4 and CA125 after Surgery of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer CHEN Dai-di;CHEN Han-ling;LIU Cai-fen 2015, 42 (5):  594-596.  Abstract ( 1036 )   PDF (407KB) ( 4925 )   Objective：To explore the application value of serum HE4 and CA125 level changes in the assessment of curative effect in ovarian cancer. Methods：HE4 and CA125 levels of 34 patients suffering from epithelial ovarian cancer （ＥＯＣ） were measured by electrochemiluminescence in one week，one month, three months and six months after surgery and compared with the corresponding values before surgery. The relevance between disease progression after surgery and the corresponding changes of HE4 and CA125 levels was compared. Results：HE4 and CA125 levels in serum of EOC patients were significantly higher than the control group（Ｐ＜０．０１）. In 27 remission cases, HE4 and CA125 values in one week, one month, three months and six months after surgery were significantly lower than before surgery（Ｐ＜０．０１）. The concentration of two markers were decreasing as the extension of time after surgery（Ｐ＜０．０１２ ５）. HE4 and CA125 levels showed statistical difference in 7 postoperative deterioration cases in one week and one month after the surgery （Ｐ＜０．０５）. Joint detection of HE4 and CA125 can elevate the coincidence rate to 85.3%. Conclusions：Simultaneous detection of HE4 and CA125 may have important value of clinical efficacy evaluation and monitoring of disease after EOC surgery. Related Articles | Metrics

讲座

Select

Adjuvant Therapy in Early Stage Endometrial Cancer WANG Dong-yan;LU Huai-wu;LIN Shao-dan;LIN Zhong-qiu 2015, 42 (5):  597-600.  Abstract ( 1013 )   PDF (499KB) ( 4915 )   Despite the good prognosis of early stage endometrial cancer, a part of patients will experience localized disease relapse or distant metastasis following surgery. It is to be solved that how to choose the ideal adjuvant therapy according to the high risk factors. This article conducted a review for Ⅲ phase clinical trials on record during 1990—2013, to evaluate the efficacy and safety of different adjuvant therapies in patient with early stage endometrial cancer. Post-surgical observation is appropriate for low risk patients; brachytherapy may be a better choice for intermediate risk patients; while for high risk patients, external beam radiotherapy is not effective enough in local relapse control and survival rate improvement, and the efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy is still in study. Related Articles | Metrics