Abstract: Objective：To analyze the relationship between the two methods and pathological results. Methods：Totally 114 patients who had the results of positive high-risk HPV，pathology and thin-prep liquid-based cytology（TCT） test diagnosed of a typical squamous cells of undetermined significance（ASCUS） and above in the First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College gynecology clinic from January 2011 to July 2012 were analyzed retrospectively. The expression of HPV L1 were detected in cervical lesions. We analyze the relationship between the subtypes of HPV，HPV L1 capsid protein and pathological results. Results：The positive expression rate of HPV L1 was 64.3%（27/42），54.5%（6/11），15.7%（8/51），0（0/10） in cervictis，CINⅠ，CINⅡ/Ⅲ，SCC，HPV L1 capsid protein expression gradually decreased with cervical lesions increased. The most common HPV subtypes among the 114 patients were HPV16（50%），HPV52（14.91%），HPV58（14.04%），HPV18（7.89%），respectively. In the single infection 16 and 18 subtypes of HPV, HPV L1 protein negative rate in L1 protein rate was low expression，but highly expression in 52，58 subtypes. And in cervical tissue infected with HPV52 and HPV58， HPV L1 protein positive expression group finally confirmed by pathology of inflammation was significantly higher than that of negative group（P＜0.05）. Conclusions：The HPV L1 testing is useful in evaluation of cervical lesions and progression risk of cervical dysplasia，the combination of both HPV L1 and HPV DNA detection can be helpful in management and prognostic prediction.

Key words: Papillomaviridae, Human papillomavirus 16, Uterine cervical diseases, Immunohistochemistry