Abstract: Objective：To investigate the association between polycysitic ovary syndrome（PCOS） and gene polymorphism of Vaspin. Methods：This case-control study was performed on 200 patients with PCOS（PCOS group） and 200 healthy women（control group） from July 2011 to Augest 2014 diagnosed at Tianjin Central Hospital of Gynecology Obstetrics. The polymorphism of Vaspin rs2236242 were compared between two groups. Results：A significant difference against PCOS was found for Vaspin rs2236242 frequency in A vs. T allele（OR=0.68，95%CI：0.51-0.91，P=0.009）. The incidence of PCOS was lower in TA（OR=0.51，95%CI：0.33-0.79，P=0.002） or AA genotype （OR=0.47，95%CI：0.23-0.95，P=0.035）than in TT genotype in our Codominant and Dominant models. Dominant genetic model analysis showed that the incidence of PCOS was lower in TA+AA genotype than in TT genotype（OR=0.50，95%CI：0.33-0.77，P=0.001）. There were no significant differences in genotype frequencies between case and control group in recessive models（OR=0.71，95%CI：0.37-1.38，P=0.317）. Conclusions：The results showed that the polymorphism of Vaspin gene are associated with risk for PCOS. A allele and AA, TA genotype may play a role in the inhibition of PCOS disease.

Key words: Polycystic ovary syndrome, Serine proteinase inhibitors, Polymorphism, genetic, Infertility