Abstract: Objective： This study was designed to systematically analyze the world′s literature on thromboembolism prophylaxis in gynecologic oncology perioperative and evaluate the efficacy and safety of prophylaxis regimen. Methods：Computerized searches electronic databases such as Pubmed，Cochrane Library，Medline，Embase and CNKI，VIP，CBM from the date of their establishment to Sep 2014. Meta-analysis was performed on the studies meeting the criterion. Results：It included 18 randomized controlled studies and 3 193 patients. Meta analysis showed that：①The analysis of heparin-versus-control revealed a significant decrease in DVT in patients receiving heparin（RR=0.59，95%CI：0.36-0.96），but not in PE（RR=4.08，95%CI：0.71-23.53）.②LMWH-versus-control also revealed a significant decrease in DVT in patients receiving LMWH（RR=0.16，95%CI：0.05-0.47）. ③In the heparin-versus-LMWH studies，there was no significant difference（RR=0.98，95%CI：0.43-2.23）. There was no significant difference in PE in patients（RR=1.70，95%CI:0.44-6.63）. ④Combination prophylaxis can be more effectively reduce the incidence of deep vein thrombosis（RR=0.15，95%CI：0.04-0.68）. Conclusions：All gynecologic cancer patients should receive VTE prophylaxis. But no one prevention modality can be considered superior. Adequately powered RCTs are urgently needed to determine the optimal regimen in these high-risk patients.

Key words: Genital neoplasms, female, Intraoperative period, Venous thrombosis, Universal precautions