间充质干细胞治疗压力性尿失禁的研究进展

doi:10.12280/gjfckx.20251012

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

压力性尿失禁（stress urinary incontinence，SUI）是一种因腹压升高导致尿液不自主流出的常见盆底功能障碍性疾病，好发于女性，传统保守治疗与手术治疗存在疗效欠佳、创伤大及复发率高等局限。间充质干细胞（mesenchymal stem cell，MSC）具有多向分化潜能、免疫调节功能及旁分泌多种生物活性因子的特点，在组织修复与再生中显示出潜在的应用价值。目前研究已从骨髓、脂肪、肌肉、脐带等多种组织中分离获得了MSC，并在动物模型和初步临床试验中证实尿道旁植入MSC可改善尿道括约肌功能、提高漏尿点压力及促进组织修复。该综述系统阐述了SUI的发病机制、不同来源MSC的生物学特性及其治疗SUI的最新实验与临床进展，同时探讨了MSC治疗的安全性和现存挑战，并对优化移植策略、开展大样本临床试验等未来研究方向作出展望。

关键词: 压力性尿失禁, 间充质干细胞, 动物实验, 临床试验, 治疗

Abstract:

Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) is a common pelvic floor dysfunction characterized by involuntary urine leakage due to increased abdominal pressure, predominantly affecting women. Traditional conservative treatments and surgical interventions have limitations, including suboptimal efficacy, invasiveness, and high recurrence rates. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC), possessing multipotent differentiation capacity, immunomodulatory properties, and the ability to secrete various bioactive factors via paracrine signaling, has shown potential application value in tissue repair and regeneration. Currently, MSC has been isolated from various tissues such as bone marrow, adipose tissue, muscle, and umbilical cord. Studies in animal models and preliminary clinical trials have demonstrated that periurethral implantation of MSC can improve urethral sphincter function, increase leak point pressure, and promote tissue repair. This review systematically elaborates on the pathogenesis of SUI, the biological characteristics of MSC from different sources, and the latest experimental and clinical advancements in MSC-based therapy for SUI. It also discusses the safety profile of MSC therapy, existing challenges, and provides perspectives on future research directions, including the optimization of transplantation strategies and conducting large-sample clinical trials.

Key words: Stress urinary incontinence, Mesenchymal stem cell, Animal experimentation, Clinical trial, Therapy

刘孟停, 姚顺, 丁锦. 间充质干细胞治疗压力性尿失禁的研究进展[J]. 国际妇产科学杂志, 2026, 53(2): 121-124.

LIU Meng-ting, YAO Shun, DING Jin. Research Progress on Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy for Stress Urinary Incontinence[J]. Journal of International Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2026, 53(2): 121-124.

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