国际妇产科学杂志

国际妇产科学杂志 ›› 2012, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (1): 68-71.

• 综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

妊娠期和产后妇女宫颈病变筛查研究新进展

翟凌云,李和江   

  1. 310006 浙江省杭州市,南京医科大学附属杭州市第一人民医院产科
  • 收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2012-02-15 发布日期:2012-02-15
  • 通讯作者: 李和江

Progress in Cervical Lesions’ Screening During Pregnancy and Postpartum

ZHAI Ling-yun，LI He-jiang   

  1. Department of Obstetrics，Hangzhou First People’s Hospital，Affliated to Nanjing Medical University，Hangzhou 310006，Zhejiang Province，China
  • Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Published:2012-02-15 Online:2012-02-15

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摘要： 近来有研究显示，妊娠期宫颈细胞学异常及人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）感染检出率较高，但分娩后又有一定的自然消退率和进展率。HPV感染易致宫颈细胞学异常，另有研究指出多个性伴侣、初次性生活早、多产次、社会经济地位低下、非白种人、吸烟均是宫颈细胞学异常的高危因素。妊娠期妇女宫颈存在特异性生理改变易导致诊断误差。目前专门针对妊娠期妇女宫颈筛查新方法的研究甚少，仍是使用与非妊娠妇女相同的筛查方法，如液基细胞学、传统巴氏涂片（Pap Smear）、HPV DNA检测。而各项指南对妊娠妇女宫颈病变筛查时机和间隔的选择仍有争论，有待进一步大规模研究。

关键词: 宫颈疾病, 普查, 细胞学技术, 宫颈上皮内瘤样病变, 乳头状瘤病毒科

Abstract: Recent studies have demonstrated an increased detection rate of abnormal cervical cytology and human papillomaviral infection during pregnancy，but there is a certain rate of spontaneous regression and progress after delivery. The infection by human papilloma virus（HPV）increases the risk of developing cervical lesion. Other risk factors include multiple sexual partners，experiencing intercourse at an early age， multiparity， low socioeconomic status，non-white race，and smoking. Cervical lesions’ screening taken during the antenatal period can detect cytological normal variants，which can cause misdiagnosis errors. Special cervical screening method for pregnant women is rare，we still use Pap smear，liquid-based cytology and HPV-DNA tests. And there is controversy about timing of screening，a much larger research would be needed to solve this problem.

Key words: Uterine cervical diseases, Mass screening, Cytological techniques, Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, Papillomaviridae