国际妇产科学杂志

国际妇产科学杂志 ›› 2012, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (6): 589-592.

• 综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

妊娠期糖尿病患者治疗新进展

王春凤, 王冬梅   

  1. 830054乌鲁木齐,新疆医科大学第一附属医院产科
  • 收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2012-12-15 发布日期:2012-12-15

New Advances in Treatment of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

WANG Chun-feng，WANG Dong-mei   

  1. Department of Obstetrics，the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University，Urumchi 830054，China
  • Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Published:2012-12-15 Online:2012-12-15

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摘要： 妊娠期间的糖尿病有两种：一种为妊娠合并糖尿病，另一种为妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）。血糖控制不佳将对母儿产生许多不利影响，需积极采取安全、有效的措施控制血糖。采取饮食管理及运动疗法一般能将血糖控制在合理范围，当饮食及运动控制不佳时需采取药物治疗。胰岛素以其较高的安全性及有效性广泛应用于妊娠期间的糖尿病患者，但由于治疗费用及依从性等问题使口服降糖药（如二甲双胍、格列本脲等）逐渐进入医疗工作者的临床研究范畴，同时健康教育的治疗作用也不可忽视。根据患者之间的个体差异积极采取适宜的分娩方式及产后管理有利于降低母儿发生并发症的风险及改善母儿预后。

关键词: 糖尿病, 妊娠, 饮食习惯, 运动疗法, 胰岛素, 药物疗法

Abstract: There are two diabetes types during pregnancy period，one is diabetes with pregnancy，the other is gestational diabetes mellitus（GDM）. Poor glycemic control will make lots of disadvantageous effects to mother and fetus. The safe and effective measures are needed to control glycemic level. Dietary management and exercise therapy can control it to a reasonable range generally. When the glycemic level couldn′t be control very well by dietary and exercise therapy，drug therapy would be taken. Insulin is considered as a safer and effective method for gestational diabetes mellitus，however because of the cost of treatment and compliance issue and so on，oral hypoglycemic agents（such as metformin，glyburide etc） are taken into clinical research areas of health care，at the same time the function of health education treatment can not be ignored. According to individual variability among patients，actively taking the appropriate mode of delivery and postnatal management will help to reduce maternal and fetal risks and improve maternal and fetal prognosis.

Key words: Diabetes, gestational, Food habits, Exercise therapy, Insulin, Drug therapy