Abstract: microRNAs（miRNAs）, a kind of small non-protein-coding RNAs, can negatively regulate the
expression of target gene at the post-transcriptional level. One oncogenic miRNA can usually regulate the expression level of several oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes simultaneously. Hence, miRNAs have closely relationship with oncogenesis, development and prognosis of tumor. Studies have indicated that the expression level of some miRNAs in epithelial ovarian cancer tissue is significantly different from that in normal ovarian tissue. And the miRNA expression profiling can be used as a potential tumor marker for the early diagnosis and the estimation of prognosis in ovarian cancer. In addition, the inspection of the target genes of those deregulated miRNAs in ovarian cancer can help to understand the mechanism of oncogenesis of ovarian cancer, which might also provide new targets for the therapy of ovarian cancer.

Key words: microRNA, Ovarian cancer, Biomarker, Oncogenic microRNA