Abstract: Polycystic ovary syndrome（PCOS） is a common endocrine disease in women. The phenomenon of familial aggregation suggests the role of genetic factors. Recent studies revealed that insulin resistanc（IR） played an important role in the pathophysiology of PCOS，most of the PCOS patients suffered from IR. Calpain-10 gene（CAPN-10） was the first positional cloned gene that was associated with type-2 diabetes mellitus（T2DM）. Its mutation was relevant to IR, which affected the genetic susceptibility of T2DM. Due to the common mechanism of IR, CAPN-10 became an important candidate gene for PCOS. And difference in the genome sequence and modification was the fundamental reason for the difference of genetic susceptibility,in which the variation of single nucleotide polymorphiｓｍｓ （ＳＮＰ） ｃaused by 90%. Currently, data base of SNＰ （ｄｂＳＮＰ） ｈａd listed 521 human CAPN-10 SNP locus. Now we will summarise the current status and progress in between CAPN-10 and PCOS.

Key words: Polycystic ovary syndrome, Cysteine endopeptidases, Polymorphism, single nucleotide, Insulin resistance, Diabetes mellitus