Abstract: The natural pregnancy probability of patients with fertility intention after cesarean scar pregnancy（CSP） is about 73% to 87.5%; the secondary infertility probability is about 12.5% to 14.3%. The reasons for secondary infertility may be  intrauterine adhesions, uterine arterial embolization, scar diverticula of cesarean section, chronic pelvic inflammation after cesarean section, iatrogenic adenomyosis and posterior uterus.The reproductive pregnancy outcomes following treatment of CSP included spontaneous abortion, recurrent cesarean scar pregnancy (RCSP) and normal intrauterine pregnancy. Early detection and timely treatment of RCSP can avoid serious complications. Placental adhesion, placental implantation, placenta previa are serious complications that may arise in subsequent intrauterine pregnancies. Uterine rupture may occur in the third trimester, and termination of pregnancy with elective cesarean section is needed. For CSP patients who still have fertility needs, they should be given the appropriate treatment. Doctors should consider the best time for pregnancy after treatment and the possible pregnancy outcomes, informing them the subsequent pregnancy-related risks, and closely monitor them and follow-up during pregnancy; For patients without fertility needs after treatment, a safe, long-term, and reliable contraceptive method is recommended.

Key words: Cesarean section；, Cicatrix；Pregnancy；, Infertility, female；, Contraception；, Pregnancy outcome；, Therapy