Abstract: Female pelvic arterial system is a huge and complex arterial system and the development of its research methods could be largely divided into two phases，autopsy and in vivo research. Due to the numbered corpses，it is almost impossible to promote a large scale study based on the data collected from corpses. For in vivo research，at present，magnetic resonance angiography and computed tomography angiography could offer a far more clear view of female pelvic artery than X-ray and ultrasound，which earn them a substantial popularity in this field of study. And the roles of X-ray and ultrasound have been gradually replaced by magnetic resonance angiography and computed tomography angiography. In recent years，the three-dimensional reconstruction technique is developing rapidly and has been considered as the most competitive method to research pelvic artery system owing to the in vivo individualized images. There exist ethnic differences and individual variation in female pelvic arterial system. Besides the developmental changes of female pelvic artery should not be ignored. Therefore，it is of great significance to investigate the female pelvic artery system，for the knowledge of it is helpful to diagnose pelvic diseases and guide pelvic surgery and uterine artery embolization.

Key words: Arteries, Autopsy, Angiography, Imaging, three-dimensional, Female