Abstract: The incidence of endometrial cancer is increasing year by year. Early and accurate diagnosis can greatly improve the prognosis of patients. Women with postmenopausal endometrial thickening should actively go through the screening process of endometrial lesions when they have symptoms such as vaginal bleeding. However, it is still controversial whether it is necessary and how to actively conduct the screening process for asymptomatic women. Most studies have proved that endometrial lesions can be assessed using the combination of transvaginal ultrasound (TVUS) and endometrial histopathological examination, but the relationship between endometrial thickness and endometrial cancer or precancerous lesions remains controversial. For people with asymptomatic endometrial thickening after menopause, the specificity of TVUS is low, which causes clinical problems and it is still being argued whether TVUS screening can improve the overall 5-year survival rate of endometrial cancer. With the development of medical examination techniques, some new endometrial lesion screening methods, such as transvaginal water injection ultrasound and endometrial cytology test seem to be able to replace TVUS to evaluate the endometrial condition of this population, or make up for the shortage of TVUS. This article analyzes the implementation status of several commonly used clinical examination methods in women with asymptomatic endometrial thickening after menopause, summarizes the pathological endometrium thickness threshold of postmenopausal asymptomatic endometrial thickening, and reviews the evaluation strategy of clinical treatment for these people.

Key words: Postmenopause, Asymptomatic diseases, Endometrium;, Endometrial neoplasms;, Precancerous conditions, Risk assessment