Table of Content

15 December 2012, Volume 39 Issue 6
Previous Issue    Next Issue
---
述评
综述
述评
综述
论著
综述


For Selected:

Download Citations EndNote Ris BibTeX

Toggle Thumbnails

述评

Select

Early Pregnancy Prediction and Prevention of Preeclampsia LIN Qi-de 2012, 39 (6):  539-541.  Abstract ( 1721 )   PDF (332KB) ( 5141 )   Preeclampsia is considered leading cause of feto-maternal perinatal morbidity and mortality. It is very important to develop effective prediction and prevention of preeclampsia. Varied tests used to predict preeclampsia include clinical identification of high risk（medical history and examination），laboratory and hamodynamic tests. Among them，the promising tests are as following：risk factors include age；parity；history of preeclampsia in a previous pregnancy；family history of preeclampsia，multiple pregnancy and pre-existing medical conditions such as diabetes，chronic hypertention，renal disease；thrombophilia and autoimmune disease.The tests in early pregnancy for predicting of preeclampsia have better specificity than sensitivity，such as BMI＞34 kg/m2；MAP of 90 mmHg（1 mmHg=0.133 kPa）；uterine artery Doppler（bilateral notching） and angiogenic factors（PIGF，VEGF，sFlt-1），especially sFlt-1/PIGF. Although there are various treatment options for preventing preeclampsia， the beneficial effect were observed only in low aspirin and calcium.The need for continuing research to pathogenesis of preeclampsia that will find new biomarkers and design the promise predictive models. Better prediction will allow us to target existing prevention，such as it is，and to also develop new treatment in future. Related Articles | Metrics

综述

Select

Diagnosis and Management of Atypical Preeclampsia-eclampsia MENG Zhen-ni;YING Hao 2012, 39 (6):  542-544.  Abstract ( 1664 )   PDF (392KB) ( 4774 )   Preeclampsia-eclampsia is a serious pregnancy complication，endangering mother and fetus. The typical symptoms of preeclampsia includes hypertension and proteinuria. However，in recent years，studies suggest that preeclampsia-eclampsia is just like other syndromes with many atypical presentations. As a result， it is important that clinicians make timely and accurate diagnosis to prevent adverse maternal and fetal outcomes associated with these syndromes. The manifestation， diagnosis and treatment of the atypical preeclampsia-eclampsia will be discussed in this review. The object is to increase awareness of these atypical features of preeclampsia-eclampsia，and to improve early diagnosis and treatment of the patients with atypical features. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Recent Advances in Preeclampsia-related MicroRNAs LONG An-xiong;LI Qian 2012, 39 (6):  545-548.  Abstract ( 1450 )   PDF (401KB) ( 4701 )   Preeclampsia（PE） is an idiopathic hypertension syndrome that occur after 20th week of gestation，whose etiology and pathogenesis have not yet been completely elucidated. MicroRNA（miRNA） is a class of endogenous single-stranded small non-coding RNA. Recent studies verified abnormal expression of miRNAs in placenta of preeclampsia and screening of maternal serum miRNAs expression spectrum helped early prediction of PE. Further investigation of PE-related miRNAs and their target genes would contribute to demonstration of PE pathogenesis，then provide new ways for the prevention and treatment of PE. This review summarized recent advances in PE-related miRNAs. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Progress in the Relationship Between LXR and Preeclampsia MIAO Xue-qin;HU Ji-fen 2012, 39 (6):  549-552.  Abstract ( 1415 )   PDF (778KB) ( 4719 )   The liver X receptor（LXR）is a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily,originally described as orphan receptor.It is now known LXR exists in two homologous isoforms: LXRα（NR1H3）and LXRβ（NR1H2）isoforms.Present studies have turn out that LXR has a relationship with sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1（SREBP-1）, oxidatively modified low density lipoprotein（oxLDL）, nitric oxide（NO）, matrix metalloproteinases（MMPs）, Endoglin （CD105）and human chorionic gonadotropin（hCG）which also participate in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia, demonstrating that LXR is associated with lipid metabolism, vascular endothelial injury, trophoblast cell proliferation and invasiveness as well. Therefore the abnormal expressivity of LXR may plays an important role in the development of preeclampsia. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Research on Cell Free Fetal Nucleic Acid in Preeclampsia SHEN Yan-ting;YU Hong 2012, 39 (6):  553-556.  Abstract ( 1384 )   PDF (422KB) ( 4730 )   Preeclampsia（PE） is one of the leading causes of maternal and fetal/neonatal mortality and deformity around the world. At present，there are no exact early diagnostic standard of it. Once preeclampsia is diagnosed，it has caused damage to the health of mothers and infants in different degrees. For this reason，making early diagnosis before preeclampsia clinical symptoms appearance is very necessary. The existing regular prenatal diagnosis is reliable，but it would endanger the health of mothers and infants. So，exploring a specific noninvasive fast diagnosis technology is very important and has clinical significance. Circulating cell free fetal nucleic acid， including cell free fetal DNA（cffDNA），cell free fetal mRNA （cffmRNA），and microRNA， as a novel and non-invasive biomarker，which not only can effectively predict the incidence of preeclampsia but also create new path for non-invasive prenatal diagnosis， has good prospect of development. In the recent years，many researches on the relationship between the cell free fetal nucleic acid and the preeclampsia screening have been conducted. This review will summarize the related content about the discovery，tissue origin，and detection methods of cell free fetal DNA， cell free fetal mRNA，and microRNA，and their roles in preeclampsia screening. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Angiopoietin-related Growth Factor and Its Relationship with Preeclampsia XIA Gui-yu;DONG Min-yue;FANG Min 2012, 39 (6):  557-559.  Abstract ( 1529 )   PDF (428KB) ( 4801 )   Angiopoietin-related growth factor（AGF，also known as ARP5/ANGPTL6） is a new member of angiopoietin-related protein family and a novel liver-derived circulating protein which significantly promotes angiogenesis but also antagonistic obesity and insulin resistance and plays an important role in regulating angiogenesis and metabolic diseases. Preeclampsia is a serious pregnancy complication，and the etiology and pathogenesis is unclear. It is important to study the relationship between AGF and pregnancy in physiological and pathological functions. Currently， the research of AGF and pregnancy-related disease is less. In this article，we provide a brief review about AGF in pregnancy and preeclampsia. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Progress in Soluble Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1 and Preeclampsia WU Ying;CHEN Dan-qing;WANG Bo 2012, 39 (6):  560-563.  Abstract ( 1477 )   PDF (453KB) ( 4912 )   Pre-eclampsia is a complication of pregnancy characterized by hypertension and proteinuria that results in maternal and neonatal mortality and morbidity. Although the etiology remains unclear，it seems to be initiated by placental factors that enter the maternal circulation and may cause endothelial dysfunction. Recently，anti-angiogenic factors such as endoglin，the soluble form of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor（sFlt-1） as well as the placental growth factor have been found to be associated with the onset of pre-eclampsia. This review will summarize our current understanding of molecular structure of sFlt-1，signal pathways，with an emphasis on its role in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia and regulative factors. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

The Prediction and Treatment Research Progress of Preeclampsia ZHANG Hong-ju;WANG Dong-mei 2012, 39 (6):  564-566.  Abstract ( 1563 )   PDF (471KB) ( 4662 )   Preeclampsia is a disorder of pregnancy characterized by maternal hypertension and proteinuria.Preeclampsia play a serious role on maternal and child health，so the prediction and treatment of preeclampsia are significant. This article reviews the predictive value about biological markers of urine（collagen chains，fibrinogen，urinary regulating protein），biological factors of plasma（FLT1，VEGFA，placental growth factors，activin A，inhibin A，E-selectin），clinical risk factors（age，MAP，BMI，family history of preeclampsia），hemodynamic check and the therapeutic effect of Danshensu salvianic acid，magnesium sulfate，antihypertensive，pravastatin. Related Articles | Metrics

述评

Select

Evidence-based Medicine Basis of Pregnancy Drugs YANG Hui-xia;ZHANG Zong-yue 2012, 39 (6):  567-569.  Abstract ( 1556 )   PDF (484KB) ( 4713 )   Maternal exposure to medications may increase the risk of congenital malformations. In principle of evidence-based medicine，we present several distinguished achievements about the safety of some drugs during pregnancy，antihypertensive drugs，antidepressants，antiepileptics，tocolytics，for example. Related Articles | Metrics

综述

Select

The Mechanism and Regulation Factors of Progesterone Receptor Activation LIU Ying;XIE Mei-qing 2012, 39 (6):  570-573.  Abstract ( 1998 )   PDF (499KB) ( 5086 )   The biological action of progesterone mediates by progesterone receptor（PR） which is expressed as two isoforms，PRA and PRB. PR is a member of ligand-activated nuclear transcription regulators，and it also can active signaling pathways extra-nuclear. PR plays an important role in cell proliferation and differentiation. There are many factors regulating the activation of progesterone receptor，such as synergic regulators，post-translational modifications and gene transcription. The disorder of PR activations may lead to pathologic changes of target organs. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Current Status of Pathological Chorioamniotic Membrane Separation LI Man-chao;FANG Qun 2012, 39 (6):  574-577.  Abstract ( 1540 )   PDF (500KB) ( 4650 )   Chorioamniotic membrane separation（CMS）consists of physiological and pathological form.Physiological CMS occurred before 14 gestational weeks， CMS developed after 14 gestational weeks. The damage of the fetal membrane is the initial factor of the pathological CMS. Interventional intrauterine diagnosis or treatment procedures have to pass through the unterine wall and amniotic cavity which universally causes the damage of membrane.The mild CMS had no clinical presentation， however severe CMS could increases the risk of preterm rupture of membrane，intrauterine infection，preterm delivery，amniotic band syndrome， intrauterine death. At present，more researches are needed in order to prevent the occurrence of CMS after invasive procedures. The minority of CMS is spontaneous，which is related to aneuploidy or gene mutation.The termination was mostly needed because of poor prognosis. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Progress of Study on Antenatal Corticosteroids for Fetal Lung Maturation LIAO Hua;ZENG Wei-yue 2012, 39 (6):  578-580.  Abstract ( 1507 )   PDF (539KB) ( 4699 )   Preterm birth is the leading cause for neonatal mortality and morbidity. Antenatal corticosteroids （ACS） can significantly reduce premature mortality and risks of respiratory distress syndrome and intraventricular hemorrhage. Currently a single dose of dexamethasone or betamethasone is recommended for pregnant women at high risks of preterm delivery between 24 and 34 gestational weeks. The long-term safety for repeated courses of ACS therapy is uncertain，therefore the therapy of repeated courses of ACS is not routinely recommended. For patients at high risks of preterm delivery within the coming week，a single“rescue course”of ACS can be considered to be given，i.e. a repeated course of routine ACS. The long-term safety of ACS before selectively caesarean section before 39 gestational week remains questionable. The therapeutic regimes and clinical effects for the single and the repeated course of ACS therapies have been reviewed. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

The Study Advancement of the MicroRNAs and Obstetric Pathologies HUANG Lu;SHEN Zong-ji;LI De-chun 2012, 39 (6):  581-584.  Abstract ( 1327 )   PDF (820KB) ( 4731 )   MicroRNAs （miRNAs） are a class of endogenous non-coding small RNAs with length range of 17-25 nucleotides（nt），which are the most widely studied， and highly conserved in many processes of biological evolution. which play a role in precisely regulating the development，differentiation，proliferation and apoptosis of neurons and other kinds of cell，and involved in immune regulation，neuronal plasticity and re-inhibitory effect of mRNA post-transcriptional processing of signal transduction pathways to increase gene expression. The study indicate that miRNAs participate the important vital process，including fetal development and pregnancy pathological outcome.They receive the differential expression of miRNAs regulation. The level of miRNAs expression have close correlated with pregnancy pathological outcome，including fetal growth retardation，premature rupture of membrane，pre-eclampsia and macrosomia. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Multiple Sclerosis and Pregnancy ZHANG Wan-ying;CHEN Ling;ZHOU Ying;LING Bin 2012, 39 (6):  585-588.  Abstract ( 1661 )   PDF (521KB) ( 4830 )   Multiple sclerosis is a autoimmune demyelinating disease that affects the central nervous system，more commonly seen in women than in men，especially childbearing-age women. Multiple sclerosis itself does not increase complication of pregnancy. Although some studies have found that pregnant women with multiple sclerosis have increased incidences of their induced labor，the use of obstetric forcep and delivered low birth weight children，short stature children，the studies show no increase in congenital malformations and fetal mortality. Pregnancy，epidural anesthesia and breast-feeding do not increase the incidence，relapse rate and disease progression of multiple sclerosis. In this paper，the relationship between pregnancy and multiple sclerosis were reviewed，including interaction of multiple sclerosis and pregnancy and drug treatment during pregnancy and so on. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

New Advances in Treatment of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus WANG Chun-feng;WANG Dong-mei 2012, 39 (6):  589-592.  Abstract ( 1511 )   PDF (612KB) ( 4744 )   There are two diabetes types during pregnancy period，one is diabetes with pregnancy，the other is gestational diabetes mellitus（GDM）. Poor glycemic control will make lots of disadvantageous effects to mother and fetus. The safe and effective measures are needed to control glycemic level. Dietary management and exercise therapy can control it to a reasonable range generally. When the glycemic level couldn′t be control very well by dietary and exercise therapy，drug therapy would be taken. Insulin is considered as a safer and effective method for gestational diabetes mellitus，however because of the cost of treatment and compliance issue and so on，oral hypoglycemic agents（such as metformin，glyburide etc） are taken into clinical research areas of health care，at the same time the function of health education treatment can not be ignored. According to individual variability among patients，actively taking the appropriate mode of delivery and postnatal management will help to reduce maternal and fetal risks and improve maternal and fetal prognosis. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Research Progress on Progestins Treatment for the Prevention of Spontaneous Preterm Birth BIE Ya-nan;ZHANG Xiu-guo 2012, 39 (6):  593-596.  Abstract ( 1560 )   PDF (567KB) ( 4724 )   Preterm birth is defined as birth between 28 and 37 completed weeks of gestation in China，and classified as either indicated preterm birth or spontaneous preterm birth. Preterm birth causes the major determinant of perinatal mortality and morbidity，and the long-term results of preterm birth often lead to neural and mental developmental defects. There is experimental support from animal and in vitro studies，and also empirical evidence from large randomized placebo-controlled clinical trials，that treatment with progestins（includes natural progesterone and its analogues） may reduce the risk of preterm birth. Progesterone has a role in maintaining pregnancy，by maintaining uterine quiescence and inhibiting cervical riping. This article reviews the use of progestins in women with high-risk factors for the prevention of spontaneous preterm birth and the safety of progestins supplementation in pregnancy. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Progress in Study on Periodontal Disease and Pregnancy Outcomes CHENG Lan;ZHU Dong-wang;HUANG Li 2012, 39 (6):  597-600.  Abstract ( 1615 )   PDF (653KB) ( 4794 )   Periodontal disease，as a source of subclinical and persistent infection，may induce systemic inflammatory responses that increase the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. At present，lots of studies support that the risk of preterm birth，low birth weight and stillbirth is associated with the degree of periodontal disease. Because of the periodontal disease，the risk of pre-eclampsia and gestational diabetes mellitus is increased. Intervention timely and reasonablly may improve the pregnancy outcomes. Related Articles | Metrics

论著

Select

Expression and Significance of RhoA/Rho Kinase Pathway in Myometrium of Women in Postpartum Hemorrhage by Uterine Atony YAN Jian-ying;CHEN Ai-yue;HUANG Ke-hua;DENG Ting;YU Ai-li 2012, 39 (6):  601-605.  Abstract ( 1507 )   PDF (811KB) ( 4674 )   Objective：To investigate the role of RhoA/Rho Kinase pathway in the postpartum hemorrhage by uterine atony. Methods：Sixty term delivery women were selected and divided into 2 groups：30 in postpartum hemorrhage caused by uterine atony and 30 in control group. The levels of contraction of myometrium were detected by RM6240 biological experimental system；the fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR and Western Blot were applied to detect the expression of RhoA， ROCKⅠ，ROCKⅡin myometrium. Results：①The levels of myometrium contraction in study group were lower than that of control group（P＜0.01），when adding the Rho kinase inhibitor Y-27632 to strips，the levels of myometrium contraction in both group and control group were lower than untreated（P＜0.01）. ②The mRNA expression of RhoA，ROCKⅠ，ROCKⅡ in study group were lower than control group（P＜0.05，P＜0.01）. ③The protein expressions of RhoA，ROCKⅠ，ROCKⅡin study group were lower than control group（P＜0.05，P＜0.01）. ④Both groups，RhoA mRNA and protein levels in myometrium were positively related to the levels of ROCKⅠ，ROCKⅡmRNA and protein. ⑤Both groups，RhoA，ROCKⅠ，ROCKⅡmRNA and protein levels in myometrium were positively related to the levels of myometrium contraction. Conclusions：Decreased RhoA/Rho Kinase Pathway expression in myometrium may be involved in the pathogenesis of postpartum hemorrhage by uterine atony. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

The Clinical Significance of Procalcitonin for Diagnosis of the Pregnant Women with Intrauterine Infection CHEN Yan-tian;XIONG Yan;SU Xue-tang;SHI Sheng;HUANG Wei-gang;FAN Xiu-jing;LI Ying 2012, 39 (6):  606-608.  Abstract ( 1688 )   PDF (671KB) ( 4662 )   Objective：To evaluate the clinical value of procalcitonin for diagnosis of the pregnant woman with intrauterine infection. Methods：We chose intrauterine infection of the pregnant woman and the nomal pregnant woman randomly，the main observation of the patients with bacterial and viral infection of PCT，and to compare the same period Ⅱ-6，CRP，WBC，N levels. Results：Speciticity（87.9%），sensitivity（92.4%）， accuracy（83.5%），the positive predictive value（80.4%）， the negative predictive value（91.7%） and the positive rate （88.2%） of PCT for the patients with bacterial infection were higher than other projects.The patients with bacterial infection group were higher than the patients with viral infection group（P＜0.01）. Conclusions： PCT can be used as the auxiliary diagnosis of the pregnant woman with intrauterine infection，and can effectively guide the clinical use of antibiotics to assess the therapeutic effect. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Association Between Ambient Air Particulate Matter and Missed Abortion in Early Pregnancy in Tianjin HOU Hai-yan;CHEN Ya-qiong;WANG Dan;ZOU Xiao-ping 2012, 39 (6):  609-612.  Abstract ( 1412 )   PDF (639KB) ( 4683 )   Objective：To examine association between the ambient air particulate matter pollution and the missed abortion in which the embryo dies but miscarriage has not yet occurred during early pregnancy in Tianjin. Methods：A retrospective case-control study has been conducted with focus on the pertinent cases collected from 15 hospitals located in the urban core of Tianjin from January 2001 to December 2006. These cases experience missed abortions while controls undergo selective abortions. Each case is assigned one control matched with maternal age. Monthly average concentrations of ambient air particulate matter with aerodynamic diameters ≤10 μm（PM10） and total suspended particle （TSP） from 2001 to 2006 are obtained from the monitoring network of Tianjin Environment Monitoring Center. We assign air pollution exposures from the nearest monitoring station to each individuals-based residential home address by GIS model. Results：After adjusting for maternal age，gestational week，gravidity and parity. We found that relatively higher TSP（≥0.996 mg/m3）（OR=1.40，95%CI：1.06-1.86） exposure during peri-pregnancy period increased the risk of missed abortion. There is no correlation between PM10 exposure during progestation or conception and missed abortion. Conclusions：Exposed to relatively high levels of gaseous air particulate matter during peri-pregnancy period may be associated with missed abortion. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Short-term Effect of Pelvic Floor Rehabilitation Therapy on the Pelvic Floor Muscle Strength in the Early Postpartum of Women LIU Xiang-hui;DU Dan;HUANG Shu-mei 2012, 39 (6):  613-615.  Abstract ( 1594 )   PDF (634KB) ( 4741 )   Objective：To observe the short-term effect of electric stimulation-biofeedback pelvic floor rehabilitation therapy on the pelvic floor muscle strength for the women with different delivery modes in the early postpartum. Methods：The 200 pregnant women who had their childbirth in this hospital during May 2009 to May 2010 were selected and were allocated into two groups，treatment group and control group，each group have both selective caesarean section（50 cases）and vaginal delivery（50 cases）. Treatment group conduct pelvic floor rehabilitation therapy. In 6-7 weeks and 5-6 months after childbirth，biofeedback electrical stimulation device was used to evaluate pelvic floor muscle strength. Results：There are 200 pregnant women get into the study ,171 cases in which have accomplish the detection 6 months after childbirth. After electric stimulation-biofeedback pelvic floor rehabilitation therapy，the EMG activity value of pelvic floor typeⅠ，Ⅱ muscle fiber in treatment group is better than control group in puerpera of vaginal delivery，have significant difference between the two groups（P＜0.001）. In puerpera of caesarean section，the contraction strength of typeⅠ，Ⅱ muscle fiber and contraction time of typeⅡA muscle fiber in treatment group is better than control group，have significant difference between the two groups（P＜ 0.001）. Whatever any delivery pattern，followed up in 6 months after childbirth，the pelvic floor muscle strength in pelvic floor rehabilitation therapy group is better than the control group，especially for the vaginal delivery group. Conclusions： Whatever any delivery pattern，the function of pelvic floor muscles recover after pelvic floor electric stimulation-biofeedback rehabilitation therapy in the early postpartum，especially for vaginal delivery. Related Articles | Metrics

综述

Select

Relationship Between Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling-3 and Cell Migration and Invasion TU Fei-xia;LIN Jun 2012, 39 (6):  616-619.  Abstract ( 1457 )   PDF (656KB) ( 4637 )   Suppressor of cytokine signaling-3（SOCS-3），a common inhibitory molecule regulating many signaling pathways like JAK/STAT（Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription） and MAPK（mitogen-activated protein kinases），plays an important role in equating physical activities of cells when exposed to cytokines，growth factor and hormones. Cells capabilities of migration and invasion，which participate in tumor metastasis and many physiological processes，are wildly regulated by SOCS-3. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Progress in Study on Cancer Stem Cell and Its Contribution to Drug Resistance of Ovarian Cancer ZHANG Jie;YAO Liang-qing 2012, 39 (6):  620-623.  Abstract ( 1491 )   PDF (672KB) ( 4674 )   Ovarian cancer， one of the most malignant and lethal cancers of the female reproductive system，is an extremely aggressive disease associated with a lack of early symptoms，rapid progression to peritoneal metastases，easily formation of drug resistance，which might be the main reasons resulting to poor prognosis for patients. One emerging model for the development of drug-resistant tumors invokes a pool of selfrenewing malignant progenitors known as cancer initiating cells（CICs），which has been paid much attention in recent years. It is possible to find a method to eradicate ovarian cancer by targeting CICs. CICS have been isolated successfully from ovarian cancer in current research，but more evidence is needed to confirm the definition of CICs. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Advances on Nanoscale Drug Delivery System in the Treatment of Ovarian Cancer WANG Yun-fei;DI Wen 2012, 39 (6):  624-626.  Abstract ( 1339 )   PDF (628KB) ( 4663 )   Ovarian cancer is the highest malignancy among gynecologic cancer. It holds high mortality because most patients are diagnosed at advanced stages. Surgery and chemotherapy are the primarily treatments for patients. Nanoscale drug delivery system has a good slow release，targeting，and many other advantages，which can enhance the killing effect on tumor cells without affecting normal cells. Nanoscale drug delivery system is a new means and a hot research in current，showing a good anti-tumor effect in the treatment of tumors，such as active and passive targeting，loading drug or gene nanoparticles，magnetic nanoparticles. In this paper，studies about nano-drug delivery system in the field of ovarian carcinoma are reviewed Related Articles | Metrics