Table of Content

15 April 2010, Volume 37 Issue 2
Previous Issue    Next Issue
---
述评
综述
论著
标准与指南
国际会议动态


For Selected:

Download Citations EndNote Ris BibTeX

Toggle Thumbnails

述评

Select

Current Status of Invasive Techniques Used in Diagnosis of Endometrial Cancer WANG Xi-peng 2010, 37 (2):  77-80.  Abstract ( 1802 )   PDF (279KB) ( 4904 )   The diagnosis of endometrial cancer was based on pathologic exam on endometrial tissue obtained from invasive methods. Fraction dilatation and curettage（D&C） and hysteroscopy were the major interventions. D&C was the most widely-used method, however, it is low-efficiency and result in missed diagnosis and lower diagnosis of endometrial cancer. If assisted with B ultrasound, the efficiency of could be enhanced relatively. Hysteroscopy combined with biopsy is the most accurate exam in endometrial diseases. Currently, no absolutely data indicated that positive peritoneal washing due to hysteroscopy was associated with pelvic or peritoneal recurrence and long-term adverse prognosis. Related Articles | Metrics

综述

Select

The Application of Array CGH in Congenital Anomalies Research and Prenatal Diagnosis SUI Wei-guo;OU Ming-lin;DAI Yong;CHEN Jie-jing 2010, 37 (2):  81-83.  Abstract ( 2011 )   PDF (260KB) ( 5061 )   Fetal hypoevolutism, abnormity, fetal death, miscarriage and other congenital anomalies are due to some internal reasons, e.g chromosome micro deletion, repeat, aneuploid and so on. Array comparative genomic hybridization （Array CGH） uses array to replace traditional metaphase chromosome as target crossing to samples and reference DNA labeled by different fluorescence, and the copy number alterations are detected by analysis of different fluorescence intensity. Array CGH is a powerful tool for cytogenetical study, and it has been used in prenatal diagnosis and congenital anomalies research for abnormal microarchitecture. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Research Progress of Cell-free Fetal RNA in Prenatal Diagnosis of Aneuploidy XU Ai-qun;BIAN Xu-ming 2010, 37 (2):  84-89.  Abstract ( 1823 )   PDF (271KB) ( 5180 )   Traditional prenatal diagnosis depends on invasive manipulations, which have potential risks for fetus. Nowadays the technologies of non-invasive prenatal diagnosis （NIPD） focus on isolation of fetal intact cells from maternal circulation and extraction of cell-free fetal DNA, but these two methods have limitations in clinical applications. Recently the foundation of cell-free RNA in maternal blood has become a great breakthrough in NIPD. The cffRNA has been proved to origin from placenta, and easy to detect due to stable characteristics. The cffRNA has more advantages in clinical applications than cffDNA because the former does not need to depend on fetal gender or paternal polymorphic markers. The preliminary accomplishment has been made in prenatal diagnosis of Down syndrome through the combination with quantitative methods for molecular markers. The development of cffRNA will offer a good application prospect for NIPD of aneuploidy. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase 1B and Insulin Signal Transduction in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus GAO Xiao-li;NIU Xiu-min 2010, 37 (2):  90-92.  Abstract ( 1859 )   PDF (185KB) ( 4868 )   Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B （PTP 1B） has close relationship with insulin resisitance by inhibiting the insulin signal transduction pathway. Insulin resistance is the main cause of pathogenetic in Gestational diabetes mellitus, and the insulin signal transduction pathway may be the important cellular mechanisms of GDM. Investigating the relationship between PTP 1B and GDM insulin signal transduction, further, to research mechanisms of insulin resistance in GDM, for preventing and interfering GDM, reducing the complications of maternity and fetus Related Articles | Metrics

Select

An Objective Assessment of Research on Oral Hypoglycemic Agents and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus LI Ming;NIU Xiu-min 2010, 37 (2):  93-96.  Abstract ( 1695 )   PDF (274KB) ( 5042 )   The diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus （GDM） indicates that the gravida has a predisposition to diabetes. Essentially, women at risk of type 2 diabetes are also at risk of GDM. The medical management of GDM should focus on dietary therapy, physical activity and pharmacotherapy, which is the same as therapeutic principle of type 2 diabetes. Choices of treatment drugs in pregnant patients should take into account of the effects on the fetus. There is a controversy regarding the use of oral hypoglycemic agents during pregnancy. Insulin has been the unique choice of treatment in most parts of the world for GDM. Evidence is inadequate to support the use of oral hypoglycemic agents, an agent that has been shown to cross the placenta and thus could be harmful to the developing fetus including neonatal hypoglycemia and malformations. There have now however, been animal experiments and randomized trials conducted with metformin, glyburide and acarbose, which have not demonstrated harm to the pregnancy in malformations. Although most of randomized trials have demonstrated noninferiority of glyburide and metformin in achieving glycemic control, and satisfactory birth outcomes compared to insulin therapy, concerns must remain as long-term issues have not yet been addressed. Further sufficiently powered and randomized clinical studies are still needed in order to determine the role of oral hypoglycemic agents as an alternative treatment to insulin in GDM patients. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyl Transferase and Gynaecology and Obstetrics LI Cai-hong;YE Hong 2010, 37 (2):  97-100.  Abstract ( 1749 )   PDF (233KB) ( 4849 )   Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase （Nampt） is a cytokine with highly conserved structure. It received little notice during the first ten years. However, since 2005, Nampt has garnered an increasing attention due to accumulating evidence indicating that Nampt is a pleiotropic protein like peptide hormone, adipocytokine and nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase. Nampt is not only involved in regulating of cell multiple functions, but also implicated in the pathogenesis of a number of human diseases and conditions. This review will cover the current progress of the associations among Nampt and gynecologic and obstetric diseases or conditions. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Research Progress on Laparoscopic Surgical Management of Uterine Prolapse With Uterine Conservation ZHOU Yan-juan;LING Bin 2010, 37 (2):  101-103.  Abstract ( 1915 )   PDF (225KB) ( 5009 )   Uterine prolapse is a common gynecologic problem. The aetiology of prolapse is multifactorial, including neuromuscular dysfunction and fascial defects. The advent of laparoscopic instrumentation and surgical techniques for gynecologic procedures and surgical mesh has made uterine reservation true. It has many surgery approaches, such as laparoscopic uterine suspension to round ligament, laparoscopic sacral suture hysteropexy, laparoscopic suture uterosacral ligament hysteropexy. Because of the advantages that laparoscopic approach enhances more precise suture placement, and offers minimized hurt, shorter recovery time and hospital stays, it has been a hot research in recent years. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

The Research Progresses on Twist in the Genesis and Progression of Gynecology Oncology ZHANG Li-li;ZHANG Shu-lan 2010, 37 (2):  104-107.  Abstract ( 1774 )   PDF (221KB) ( 5028 )   Twist is an evolutionarily conserved basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor. It has been found to play a key role in embryonic morphogenesis and the progression of primary tumor invasion, metastasis and drug resistance by inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition. With the oncogenesis and development of gynecological neoplasms, twist has an increasing expression, inducing the epithelial-mesenchymal transition and leading to malignant phenotype and poor prognosis. In this review, the molecular biological characteristics, signal transduction pathway, function of twist on tumor cell and the research progresses on twist in the progression of gynecology oncology will be discussed comprehensively. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

The Role of S100A4 Protein in Gynecological Carcinoma QIAN Xiu-yan;ZHANG Shu-lan 2010, 37 (2):  108-111.  Abstract ( 2335 )   PDF (288KB) ( 4959 )   S100A4 protein is a member of the calcium-binding protein family, which through the regulation of calcium and interaction with the target protein in the body, plays various biological functions, such as participating in the activities of the cell cycle, cell differentiation, tumor growth and the secretion of extracellular matrix activities in the process. In recent years, a large amount of studies indicate that S100A4 protein in a variety of tumors shows high expression and has a specific distribution of cells and tissues, and with tumor invasion and metastasis are closely related to the cause for concern. Here, we make a review of S100A4 for its molecular biological characteristics, the manners of regulating the metastasis of the tumor cells, and also its functions in gynecology tumors. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

The Progress of Cancer Stem Cells in Gynecology Oncology YAO Ting-ting;LIN Zhong-qiu 2010, 37 (2):  112-114.  Abstract ( 1753 )   PDF (233KB) ( 5012 )   Malignant tumors threaten women’s health. Metastasis and recurrence are the difficulties for cancer treatment. The theory of cancer stem cell proposes that the tumor tissue has its own cancer stem cells in it and regards cancer stem cell as the key to regeneration, metastasis and recurrence. The proposal of cancer stem cell concept provides the probability of radical curing cancers through the targeted killing of cancer stem cells. This article reviewed the progress of cancer stem cells in gynecology oncology. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

The Relationship Between Inactivating PKR Signal Transduction Pathway by Cervical Oncogenic Viruses and Cervical Cancer LUO Yuan-cai;MI Ruo-ran 2010, 37 (2):  115-118.  Abstract ( 3181 )   PDF (213KB) ( 5185 )   Interferon-inducible double-stranded RNA （dsRNA）-activated protein kinase R （PKR） is a ubiquitously expressed serine-threonine kinase which has a special molecular conformation. It is a key cellular target for viral repression and against tumor; it is also a key point of host defense to trigger cell death in response to virus infection and tumorigenesis. After some oncogenic viruses such as human papillomavirus （HPV）, herpes simplex virus（HSV）, human cytomegalovirus （HCMV） infect cervix, PKR is usually unactivated which leads to viruses extend and viral oncogenes have an opportunity to integrate into the host cellular genome to express oncoprotein, disturb the mechanism of cell cycle regulation and apopsis, retard cell to death, interfere the expression of some key genes to result in long life of some cell clone to induce to malignant change ultimately. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Human Papillomavirus Type 16/18 and Cervical Cancer SUN Zhi-hui;YUE Tian-fu 2010, 37 (2):  119-121.  Abstract ( 2399 )   PDF (231KB) ( 5019 )   Human papilloma virus （HPV） 16/18 relates closely with cervical cancer and it plays an important role in the development of cervical cancer. Cervical squamous cell carcinoma is most easily induced by HPV16 and cervical adenocarcinoma most easily induced by HPV18. Cervical cancer is caused by HPV 16/18 mainly through carcinogenes is protein E6 E7 of virus genome and anti-oncogene p53 PRb. p53 activity is inhibited by E6 while E7 inactivition of Rb is inactivated by E7. The common detection method of HPV is in situ hybridization（ISH）, the molecular hybridization capture Ⅱ（HCⅡ） and polymerase chain reaction （PCR）, etc. Study in preventive and therapeutic HPV16/18 vaccines is a hot spot. Review on the relationship between HPV16/18 and cervical cancer. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Advances of the Study for Small Cell Carcinoma of the Cervix QI Ji;LI Na;QU Peng-peng 2010, 37 (2):  122-124.  Abstract ( 2220 )   PDF (196KB) ( 5036 )   Small cell carcinoma of the cervix is a rare and highly malignant neuroendocrine tumor. Because of its rapid progression, high recurrence rate, lymphonode and hematogenous dissemination in early stage, its prognosis is poor. Diagnosis of SCCC is based on pathomorphology, combing with immunohistochemistry biomarkers can improve its diagnosis. Operation combined with radiotherapy and chemotherapy is recommended to be the main therapy of SCCC. Recently, the reports of SCCC are usually about individual cases or small number of cases. To improve the diagnosis and prognosis, we review its clinical characteristics and advances in both diagnosis and treatment. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

The Relevance Between COX-signaling Pathway and Ovarian Cancer Invasion as well as Metastasis YANG Zhi-yu;WANG Hai-lin 2010, 37 (2):  125-128.  Abstract ( 2656 )   PDF (285KB) ( 4914 )   Firstly，we sum up some key issues on the occurrence, the development, the invasion and the metastasis research of epithelial tumors, and the way of the expression of COX-2 and zinc finger transcription factor Snail protein in the development of epithelial tumors and its regulatory aspects. Then the paper preliminarily explores the signal significance of cyclooxygenase-signaling pathway（COX-PGEs-dependent pathway） in epithelial ovarian cancer invasion and metastasis: the high expression of COX-2 in the occurrence and development of ovarian cancer can lead to increased levels of prostaglandin E, consequently increasing the zinc-finger transcription factor Snail protein expression, while the binding of Snail protein and E-cadherin promoter effect on the E-Box element inhibits E-cadherin transcription, because E-cadherin reduction as a cell adhesion molecule may promote tumor cell invasion and metastasis potential. Lastly the paper reviews the COX-signal channels and invasive behavior of malignant tumor cells, the mechanism of influence, and the zinc-finger transcription factor Snail as the invasive and metastatic potential of ovarian cancer marker protein. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Monoclonal Antibodies in Ovarian Cancer ZHANG Miao-miao;LA Duan-duan 2010, 37 (2):  129-131.  Abstract ( 1913 )   PDF (238KB) ( 5047 )   The use of monoclonal antibodies for treating ovarian cancer has been gaining interest and has already made impressive progress in both the pre-clinical and clinical trials. Bevacizumab inhibits tumor growth through anti-angiogenesis Trastuzumab and pertuzumab inhibit tumor growth after binding with HER2. Cetuximab enhances cell apoptosis and interferes with cancer cell proliferation after binding with EGFR1. Oregovomab binds to CA125, forming complexes that cause a specific immune response to CA125. Targeted treatment with monoclonal antibodies can make up for the deficiency of traditional treatment. This paper reviews the recent achievements in the development of monoclonal antibodies for treating ovarian cancer. Related Articles | Metrics

论著

Select

The Application of ROC Curve to Appraising the Prognosis Value of Three Markers in Endometriosis LI Yun-xia;XU Lin;SU Yu-lin 2010, 37 (2):  132-135.  Abstract ( 2511 )   PDF (239KB) ( 4919 )   Objective: To compare the diagnosis value of endometriosis（EMs） markers. Methods: Forty cases with EMs（EMs group）and thirty-four cases without EMs（control group） which were diagnosed through pathological sections after opening appendectomys were enrolled in this study. Levels of interkin-6 （IL-6）, tumor necrosis factor-alpha（TNF-α） and CA125 in serum and portioned fluid（PF） were detected by radioimmunoassay and immunoradiometric assay in them, we drew the ROC curves of EMs group, serum and PF and counted out their areas under the ROC curves. Results: In EMs group, the concentrations of three markers in serum were elevated significantly compared with those in the control group（P ＜0.05）. In EMs group, the concentrations of IL-6 and TNF-α　in PF were elevated significantly compared with those in the control group（P ＜0.05）, but no significant difference was found in CA125 of PF（P ＞0.05）. In EMs group, there were no positive correlation between the levels of three markers in serum and in PF（P ＞0.05）. In EMs group, the areas under the ROC curves of TNF-α in PF, TNF-α in serum, CA125 in serum, IL-6 in PF, IL-6 in serum, CA125 in PF were 0.902, 0.856, 0.790, 0.778, 0.700and 0.403 respectively. Conclusions: TNF-α in PF could hopefully be used as a diagnostic marker. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Expression of Smac/DIABLO in Epithelial Ovarian Carcinoma and Its Clinical Significance XU Xin-ran;ZHANG Hong 2010, 37 (2):  136-138.  Abstract ( 1967 )   PDF (471KB) ( 4934 )   Objective: To investigate the expression of Smac/DIABLO in epithelial ovarian carcinomas and its clinical significance. Methods: The expression of Smac/DIABLO proteins was detected with immunohistochemistry. Results: The positive expression rate of Smac/DIABLO in ovarian carcinomas was significantly lower than that in benign ovarian tumors and normal ovaries（χ2=14.06, P <0.008 3; χ2=19.15, P <0.008 3）. In ovarian carcinomas, the expression of Smac/DIABLO was significantly decreased during progression from early to advanced tumour clinical stages and histological grade（F=7.23, P <0.05; F=4.48, P <0.05）. There was relationship between the low expression of Smac/DIABLO and poor prognosis of epithelial ovarian carcinomas. Conclusions: There was low expression of Smac/DIABLO in epithelial ovarian carcinomas, Smac/DIABLO was related to the poor prognosis of ovarian carcinomas. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Clinical Study of the Efficacy Therapy for Persistent Ectopic Pregnancy LI Huan;ZHANG Li-jie;LI Rong;ZHANG Yuan;ZHONG Kai;SUN Hong-mei;WU Rui-fang 2010, 37 (2):  139-141.  Abstract ( 3253 )   PDF (198KB) ( 5024 )   Objective: To investigate the efficacy therapy for persistent ectopic pregnancy（PEP）. Methods: 155 patients with persistent ectopic pregnancy were randomly divided into 3 treatment groups: Group A received expectant treatment, Group B received methotrexate local injection treatment, and Group C received systemic administration mifepristone and methotrexate. Successful rate, failure rate, adverse reaction, treatment time and treatment cost of each groups were analyzed and compared. Results: The successful rate of Group B is highest. The failure rate of Group A is highest. The side effect in Group C is strongest, less side effect in Group B. Longer treatment time in Group A, shorter treatment time in Group C, there is no statistical differences in the time of 3 groups. The cost of Group C is highest, and Group B is lowest if the treatment is successful. Conclusions: There are a lots of treatment for persistent ectopic pregnancy, Methotrexate local injection treatment is the best therapy for persistent ectopic pregnancy. Related Articles | Metrics

标准与指南

Select

Interpretation of <NCCN Clinical Practice Guildlines in Oncology-Ovarian Cancer including Fallopian Tube Cancer and Primary Peritoneal Cancer V.I. 2010 > LUO Xiang-mei;LIN Zhong-qiu;RAO Cong-xian 2010, 37 (2):  142-143.  Abstract ( 1620 )   PDF (203KB) ( 4965 )   Related Articles | Metrics

国际会议动态

Select

38th Global Congress of Minimally Invasive Gynecology Annual Meeting of the AAGL 2010, 37 (2):  144-146.  Abstract ( 1634 )   PDF (220KB) ( 4915 )   Related Articles | Metrics