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15 October 2016, Volume 43 Issue 5
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Application and Research Progress of CD105 in Gynecological Malignant Tumors WANG Xiao-yu;XIANG Yang 2016, 43 (5):  485-488.  Abstract ( 805 )   PDF (699KB) ( 5451 )   Angiogenesis is important in the development and metastasis of tumors, which can meet requirement of organism metabolism and provide vascular access for distant metastasis, and considered to be closely related to prognosis. CD105 also named as Endoglin, which is a member of TGF-β super family receptors, has great specificity in marking tumor neovascularization. Recently, with the further researches in the function and mechanism of tumor cells and stromal cells, CD105 has increasingly application in diagnosis and prognostic evaluation for gynecological malignant tumors. Comprehensive understanding of biological characteristics of CD105 can provide a breakpoint of prevention, diagnosis and therapy for gynecological malignant tumors. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress of the Risk of Tumors of Menopausal Hormone Replacement Therapy CHEN Xing;ZHOU Ying-fang;BAI Wen-pei 2016, 43 (5):  489-492.  Abstract ( 915 )   PDF (762KB) ( 5375 )   Menopausal hormone replacement therapy (MHT) has been proven to alleviate menopausal syndrome. But the application of MHT experienced a meandering and winding process. With the changing attitude towards MHT, the risk of MHT has been widely recognized, especially hormone-associated tumors, such as endometrial cancer, ovarian cancer and breast cancer. Now the risk of tumors on MHT has been reported by a large number of clinical studies. ET in women with an intact uterus is associated with increased endometrial cancer risk. To diminish this increased risk, concomitant progestogen is recommended for women with an intact uterus when using ET. Women who have used progestins continuously are at lower risk of endometrial cancer compared with sequentially. Estrogen may not increase the recurrence of endometrial cancer and can improve the quality of life to women who have had early endometrial cancer. ET and EPT can increase incidence of ovarian cancer, which is associated with pathological type, however, to women who have had surgery of ovarian cancer, MHT application may not increase the recurrence and mortality of ovarian cancer, so as the prognosis. ET may reduce the risk of breast cancer while EPT may not. For women who have breast cancer, MHT is not recommended. But lots of conclusions above need to be further certified. Some issues cannot be solved now, while some conclusions are even contradictory. This paper will review conclusions of latest clinical studies to enhance the understanding of MHT and provide newest evidence about MHT. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress of Copy Number Variation in Gynecological Malignant Tumors KANG Ya-fang;SUN Peng-ming 2016, 43 (5):  493-496.  Abstract ( 893 )   PDF (690KB) ( 5482 )   Copy number variations (CNVs) can serve as significant disease susceptibility markers in many disorders. The availability of a large number of chromosomal copy number profiles in both malignant and normal tissues in cancer patients presents an opportunity to characterize not only somatic alterations but also germline CNVs, which may confer increased risk for cancer. The determination methods of CNVs mainly includes the gene chip technology, high throughput sequencing, real-time quantitative PCR and FISH, etc. The most important method is the gene chip technology. At present the study of CNVs in gynecologic malignant tumor is relatively limited. The article focus on researching that CNVs is closely related to some tumor disease of gynaecology, such as ovarian cancer, cervical cancer, endometrial cancer. Comprehensive mining of copy number variations and bioinformatics analysis, understanding of the progress of the gynecological malignant tumors, degradation mechanism, and provide new ideas and methods for tumor prevention, diagnosis and treatment. Related Articles | Metrics

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Lynch Syndrome and Gynecologic Oncology WANG Tian-tian;ZHANG Rong 2016, 43 (5):  497-501.  Abstract ( 1082 )   PDF (693KB) ( 5780 )   Lynch syndrome, an autosomal dominant inherited cancer susceptibility syndrome, also known as hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC), is the most prevalent hereditary modality of colorectal cancer. Patient with Lynch syndrome are often diagnosed more than one kind of cancer, such as endometrial cancer or ovarian cancer, which can function as a "sentinel" cancer in Lynch syndrome. For women with Lynch syndrome, the lifetime risk of endometrial carcinoma (EC, up to 60%) may exceed their risk of colorectal cancer （CRC）. It is an efficient strategy to combine clinical criteria with immunohistochemistry assessment. By means of endometrial biopsy（1 to 2 years, not every year） and risk-reducing surgery after delivery, women with Lynch syndrome will get efficient screening and prevention. And we are continually getting new discoveries of Lynch syndrome and Lynch syndrome related endometrial cancer and ovarian cancer. In this review, we summarized the clinical criteria of screening the Lynch syndrome and the characteristics of Lynch syndrome related endometrial cancer and ovarian cancer. Related Articles | Metrics

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Progress in the Diagnosis and Treatment of miRNAs in Epithelial Ovarian Tumors XU Fei;QIAN Li-li;WU Da-bao;ZHOU Ying 2016, 43 (5):  502-505.  Abstract ( 839 )   PDF (670KB) ( 5324 )   Epithelial ovarian tumor (EOC) is the most lethal gynecologic malignancy, and it is the fifth leading cause of cancer deaths in women. In order to improve survival in women with advanced EOC, it is important to overcome the drug resistance. miRNAs can act on multiple genes associated with a chemoresistant phenotype, which have been the promising tools in this regard. miRNAs deregulation has been identified as an important feature in EOC. Combination of miR-205 and let-7f expression in plasma samples of EOC patients provided high diagnostic accuracy for stage Ⅰ disease in EOC; miR-484, miR-642, miR-217 and miR-181a can predict resistance, miR-509-3p, miR-145, miR-181a miR-34 can inhibit proliferation of platinum resistant cell lines; miR-34c is the only markers as predictor of relapse, miR-519 is related with low survival rate. The function of miRNAs as prognostic and therapeutic tools in EOC was summarized here. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress of MUC16 in Ovarian Cancer Tumorigenesis CHEN Xin;WANG Xi-peng 2016, 43 (5):  506-509.  Abstract ( 904 )   PDF (723KB) ( 5444 )   MUC16, also named CA125, is a kind of high molecular weight glycoprotein expressed by various epithelial cells. It participates in protecting and repairing epithelium. MUC16 is one of the most important diagnostic biomarkers for early stage epithelial ovarian cancer. Recent studies have found that the abnormal expression of MUC16 in ovarian cancer is closely related to tumorigenesis and poor prognosis of ovarian cancer. MUC16 can bind to mesothelin to promote ovarian cancer distant metastasis. It can inhibit immune synapse formation between immune cells and tumor cells to help ovarian cancer cells evade immune attack. The overexpression of MUC16 can also affect EMT, proliferation, migration and metastasis of tumor cells to enhance ovarian cancer progression. Although much progress is being made in understanding the relationship between MUC16 and ovarian cancer, the biochemical structure of MUC16 and its specific mechanism in ovarian cancer are still unclear. This review makes a summary on the biochemical structure of MUC16 and its role in immuno-escape, proliferation, migration, invasion and metastasis of ovarian cancer, to provide new targets for the treatment of ovarian cancer. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress of Nucleus Accumbens 1 in Ovarian Cancer Chemoresistance ZHENG Yi-di;TANG Xiao-han;LU Mei-song 2016, 43 (5):  510-514.  Abstract ( 806 )   PDF (755KB) ( 5335 )   Resistance to antineoplastic drugs is a major cause that leads to poor treatment effect in ovarian cancer. Finding effective ways of ovarian cancer chemoresistance reversal has become a hotspot at home and abroad. A rapidly growing number of recent studies shows that, overexpression of nucleus accumbens 1(NAC-1) in ovarian cancer is not only involved in pathogenesis, progression, metastasis and recurrence, but also closely related with tumor resistance. NAC-1 regulates multiple signal pathways of ovarian cancer chemoresistance to reduce anti-tumor drugs sensitivity. Therefore, the specific targeting of NAC-1 could open new avenues for reversing ovarian cancer chemoresistance, the specific inhibition of NAC-1 activity in ovarian cancer cells combined with chemotherapy is expected to be an effective cancer treatment strategy. This article reviews the mechanism of NAC-1 in ovarian cancer chemoresistance. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress in Poly ADP-ribose Polymerase Inhibitors for Ovarian Cancer Treatment PI Ru-yu;LI Jia-rui 2016, 43 (5):  515-518.  Abstract ( 908 )   PDF (682KB) ( 5463 )   Ovarian cancer is a malignant cancer with insidious onset, and it remains the leading cause of death from gynecological malignancies. Most ovarian cancer patients die of recurrences and drug-resistance. Poly ADP-ribose polymerase （ＰＡＲＰ） inhibitors emerge as a new class of targeted agents for ovarian cancer. PARP inhibitors can inhibit PARP enzyme as target in BRCA mutation-positive cells. With a number of clinical trials have shown, PARP inhibitors have anti-cancer effect on ovarian cancer with BRCA mutations. And the adverse effects are well tolerated. As clinical trials shown, PARP inhibitors prolong significantly the progress free survival of ovarian cancer patients with BRCA deficiency. In addition, PARP inhibitors are most active in platinum-sensitive, BRCA mutation-positive ovarian cancer. This review discusses the mechanism of PARP inhibitors as well as the clinical development of this class of anti-cancer agents in ovarian cancer treatment. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-A in the Pathogenesis of Cervical Cancer WANG Guang-jiao;YANG Xin;HAO Min 2016, 43 (5):  519-523.  Abstract ( 863 )   PDF (722KB) ( 5337 )   Vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) is a specific regulator of angiogenesis. In the transition from cervical lesions to cervical cancer, VEGF-A provides tumor cells with nutrients and transfer pathways by inducing angiogenesis. A variety of molecules that play a crucial role in VEGF-A activated angiogenesis signaling pathways participate in the development of cervical cancer. E6, E7 proteins and immune Toll-like receptors induced by HPV infection and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) that have been reported to regulate the cellular fatty acid metabolism participate in the regulation of VEGF-A upstream signaling pathway. A variety of micoRNAs are also involved in the regulation of VEGF-A post-transcription and downstream signaling pathways, then induces angiogenesis in cervical cancer by promoting endothelial cell proliferation, survival, migration, and increasing vascular permeability. In addition, VEGF-A also can activate the DLL/Notch signaling pathway, which plays a key role in the process of endothelial cell differentiation. This article will do a review in the structure and function of VEGF-A and its related signal pathways in the pathogenesis of cervical carcinoma and targeted therapy, which may provide new ideas for analysing the pathogenesis of cervical cancer and searching for its therapeutic targets. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Advances in Molecular Biological Indicators of Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia SONG Ni-na;QU Quan-xin 2016, 43 (5):  524-527.  Abstract ( 802 )   PDF (693KB) ( 5395 )   Cervical cancer is one of the most common gynecological malignant tumors. In recent years, the incidence of cervical cancer has increased year by year, and there is a trend of youth. Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) is caused by persistent infection of high risk human papillomavirus (HPV). It is a precancerous lesion of cervical cancer, and it reflects the continuous process of the development of cervical cancer. From the development of CIN to cervical cancer needs a long time. In the progress of CIN, many gene structure and function will change. Recent studies have found that there are some abnormal expression of biological markers between the CIN and cervical cancer tissue, which are related to the level of the precursor and the metastasis of the tumor. These genes as CIN progression of molecular biomarkers for testing to early detect and diagnosis of cervical cancer has become a hot research. In this article, we reviewed the research on the frontier molecular biology of CIN. Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparison the Effect and Complication of Laparoscopic and Laparotomy in Staging Operation of Early-stage Ovarian Cancer: A Meta-analysis of Clinical Studies JIANG Cai-xia;CHENG Zhong-ping;WAN Yue-zhu;JI Cheng-dong 2016, 43 (5):  528-538.  Abstract ( 976 )   PDF (1876KB) ( 5396 )   Objective: To revaluate the effect of laparoscopic (LPS) and laparotomy (LPT) for early ovarian cancer on comprehensive staging operation. Methods: We performed a systematic literature search using the databases of PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Chinese Biomedical Abstracts database, Wan-fang database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure and CQVIP etc. The literatures published before Sep 2nd, 2015, referring to the effects of LPS and LPT for early ovarian cancer on comprehensive staging operation were included. Meta-analysis was performed by RevMan 5.3 software. Resruts: A total of 26 studies involving 1 456 cases were selected, of which 661 cases were performed laparoscopy and 795 cases were performed laparotomy. No statistically significant differences were observed between LPS group and LPT group in age, body mass index, clinical stage and histological type. Compared with LPT group, LPS group had less intraoperative blood loss, blood transfusions, total number of lymph nodesexcised, hospital stay, postoperative complications and follow-up period, earlier anus exhaustion and postoperative recovery, milder pain, better wound healing, lower postoperative recurrence rate and death of disease, more paraaortic lymph nodes excised, whereas longer operation time. No statistically significant differences were observed between groups in pelvic lymph nodes excised, intraoperative complications, intraoperative organ injuries, intraoperative tumor rupture, postoperative chemotherapy. Conclusions: Laparoscopy, as a mini-invasive technique, showed advantages in the treatment of early-stage ovarian cancer, with better intraoperative visualization, less blood loss, milder pain, earlier recovery. And no disadvantage has been found in pelvic lymph nodesexcised, intraoperative complications, intraoperative organ injuries, intraoperative tumor rupture. Furthermore, postoperative chemotherapy rate, the postoperative recurrence rate and death rate of disease requires further study. Comprehensive staging operation for early ovarian cancer under laparoscope is worthy to be popularized. Related Articles | Metrics

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EGCG Induce the Apoptosis of Ovarian Cancer SKOV3 Cells and Its Mechanism ZHOU Fei-fei;DONG Tian-rui;WANG Jing;LIU Yan-qiu;NI Jin-hong 2016, 43 (5):  539-541.  Abstract ( 816 )   PDF (969KB) ( 5427 )   Objective：To investigate the effect and mechanism of EGCG on human ovarian cancer SKOV3 cells′ apoptosis. Methods：SKOV3 cells were divided into four groups. Negative control group: cultured with normal culture medium; EGCG low dose group: cultured with 1 μmol/L EGCG; EGCG middle dose group: cultured with 10 μmol/L EGCG; EGCG high dose group: cultured with 100 μmol/L EGCG. Cell proliferation inhibition rate of each group of SKOV3 cells were test by MTT assay, nuclei apoptosis were checked by Hoechs staine, cells morphology were investigated by electron microscope, Caspase-3 expression was detected by Western-blot. Results：Cell proliferation inhibition test results showed that the inhibition rate of EGCG low, medium and high concentration group on SKOV3 cells was (81.33±3.71)%, (67.00±7.21)% and (54.67±3.84)%, the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05) compared with the negative control group (101.00±3.06)%. Hoechst33258 staining results showed that, apoptosis cell percentage of EGCG low, medium and high concentration group was (16.77±2.48)%, (24.33±3.70)% and (39.67±4.11)%, the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05) compared with the negative control group [(2.00±1.45)%]. Electron microscopy showed that with the concentration of EGCG elevated, the damage on ultrastructure of SKOV3 cell became clear. In addition, EGCG could raised Caspase-3 expression levels. Conclusions：EGCG induced ovarian cancer SKOV3 cells apoptosis by enhancing the expression of Caspase-3 gene. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Epigenetic Influence of Intrauterine Environment Changes on Offspring′s Hippocampal Development SUN Le;NI Yun-xiang;DING Zhi-de 2016, 43 (5):  547-551.  Abstract ( 828 )   PDF (814KB) ( 5448 )   Hippocampus is a remarkable brain structure playing important roles in advanced neuronal activities including cognitive function and memory, of which the structural and functional alterations are closely associated with behavioral abnormalities, neurological diseases and psychiatric disorders. Hippocampal development is influenced by both genetic and environmental factors, among which changes of the intrauterine environment from the maternal and external factors exert huge influences on the structure and function of both fetal and infant hippocampus. The molecular mechanisms include variations in the expression levels of genes associated with hippocampal metabolism and neurogenesis such as BDNF, GR, IGF-1 and IGF-2, as well as alterations of signaling transduction in the hippocampus. This review attempts to summarize the changes of structure and function as well as the molecular mechanisms in fetal nervous system, especially in the hippocampus induced by the alterations of intrauterine environment such as prenatal stress, maternal chronic diseases and uteroplacental insufficiency during pregnancy. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress of Irisin in Pregnancy Complicated with Diabetes Mellitus ZHANG Ning-juan;LI Hua-ping 2016, 43 (5):  552-555.  Abstract ( 809 )   PDF (733KB) ( 5361 )   Pregnancy complicated with diabetes have two cases, one kind is based on the original diabetes merging pregnancy, namely pregestational diabetes mellitus, the other is diabetes occur first time during pregnancy, namely gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Pregnancy with diabetes have threat to pregnancy outcome. Obesity plays an important role in occurrence and development of pregnancy with diabetes, but physical exercise can improve the condition of pregnancy with diabetes by reducing obesity. In recent years, researchers found that Irisin appears to contribute to the benefits of exercise to metabolic homeostasis. Irisin is a kind of muscle factor produced by skeletal muscle movements, it can roled in a variety of target organs of glucolipid metabolism, such as fat, liver and pancreatic islet cells. Studies have shown that in patients with obesity, diabetes or GDM, Iirisin may have consequences on lipid, glucose and energy metabolism, insulin resistance and insulin secretion capacity. Irisin can promote the burning of fat cells, inhibit gluconeogenesis and increase the islet cells regeneration. Irisin may be related to the occurrence and development of pregnancy complicated with diabetes. By improving the obesity and reducing insulin resistance, Irisin is expected to become a target in prevention and treatment of obesity related metabolic diseases. Related Articles | Metrics

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Advances in Physical Exercise during Pregnancy HAN Lu-yang;CHEN Dan-qing 2016, 43 (5):  556-560.  Abstract ( 822 )   PDF (714KB) ( 5685 )   Exercise has been proven to be beneficial in improving the quality of life as well as pregnancy outcomes by decreasing lower back pain, controlling urinary incontinence, relieving anxiety, reducing the incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus（GDM）, and bringing benefit to the fetal health and upon birth, the ability of learning and memory of the child as well. Pregnant women should be encouraged to perform combined （aerobic and resistance） exercise to control blood glucose, enhance cardiorespiratory functions and keep in shape. However, it is especially important for obstetricians and pregnant women to consider the physiological changes during pregnancy and understand the proper technique when prescribing pregnancy exercise. The author intends to conduct a review on the pregnancy exercise about type, frequency, duration, intensity and precautions. In order to provide safe and appropriate guidelines pertaining to exercise for pregnant woman. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Expression of Galectin-1 in Peripheral Blood and Placental Tissue of Preeclampsia Patients and Its Significance HU Li-fang;LI Lan;HUANG Wen-zhen;LIU Tong 2016, 43 (5):  561-562.  Abstract ( 914 )   PDF (712KB) ( 5388 )   Objective：To investigate the expression of galectin-1 in peripheral blood and placental tissue of preeclampsia patients and its significance. Methods：A total of 53 cases of early onset severe preeclampsia and 53 cases of normal pregnant people were selected as research objects. The concentration of serum Gal-1 was detected by ELISA and the expression of Gal-1 protein in placenta tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry. Results：The concentration of serum Gal-1 of the observation group and the control group were （38.59±9.02） ng/L and （27.33±8.31） ng/L, respectively. There was significant differences between the two groups （t=6.684, P＜0.001）. The expression of Gal-1 protein in observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group （Z=5.632，P＜0.001）. Conclusions：Gal-1 may be related to the early onset severe preeclampsia. It may be a valuable biomarker for predicting preeclampsia. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Therapeutic Effect of Succinic Acid Adenosine Methionine Combined with Dexamethasone in Patients with Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy and Its Influences on Immune Function TAN Bai-ju;LI Yu-mei;FENG Xiao-ping;LI Xiao-qiong 2016, 43 (5):  563-566.  Abstract ( 837 )   PDF (748KB) ( 5333 )   Objective：To investigate the therapeutic effect of succinic acid adenosine methionine combined with dexamethasone in patients with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy and its influences on immune function. Methods：78 patients with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy who were admitted into our hospital from September 2013 to September 2015 were divided into two groups (39 cases in each group). The control group was treated with succinic acid adenosine methionine, while the observation group received succinic acid adenosine methionine combined with dexamethasone. The serum levels of TBA, TBIL, DBIL, ALT, AST, IL-12 and TNF-α in both groups before and after treatment were observed and compared. The level of TNF-α in placenta tissue and therapeutic effect and were compared in the two groups. Results：The therapeutic effect of observation group was better than that in control group (P＜0.05), perinatal outcome of pregnancy maternal and perinatal status of child were also better than control group. After treatment, the serum level of TBA, TBIL, ALT, AST and IL-12 in both groups were lowered than before , the observation group were significantly declined than the control group(P＜0.05). The levels of DBIL, TNF-α and placenta′s TNF-α in observation group were obviously lower than in control group (P＜0.05). For observation group, each index difference before and after the treatment were higher than the control group (P＜0.05). Conclusions：Succinic acid adenosine methionine combined with dexamethasone is marked effective in treating patients with ICP, which can obviously alleviate the patient's clinical symptoms, reduce the blood bile acid, and significantly improve liver function and immune function, improve perinatal outcome of pregnancy maternal and perinatal status of child. Related Articles | Metrics

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Tianjin Urban Birth Weight Change Trend Analysis during 2008—2015 LI Bao-juan;LI Wei-qin 2016, 43 (5):  567-569.  Abstract ( 1142 )   PDF (689KB) ( 5356 )   Objective：To understand the changing trend of the birth weight of live births in Tianjin city during 2008—2015 and to provide the basis for the control of birth weight in a reasonable range. Methods：Selection of mothers living in the six areas of Tianjin city（Heping District, Hedong District, Hexi District, Nankai District, Hebei District, Hongqiao District）, who delivered between October 1, 2007 to September 30, 2015 of pregnant full 28 weeks of live births as the research object, describe the changing trend of birth weight, the incidence of low birth weight and large infant. Results：Between 2008 and 2015, there were significant differences in the average birth weight, low birth weight rate and the occurrence of the large infant in the urban areas of Tianjin in different years (F=17.306, P＜0.001; χ2=72.684, P＜0.001; χ2=92.818, P＜0.001). The average birth weight and the incidence of large infant in the urban area of Tianjin in 2009 was the highest, 2010 decreased year by year, a slight increase in 2015. The incidence of low birth weight was lowest in 2009, 2010 increased year by year. Conclusions：Tianjin city birth weight has been decreased from 2008 to 2015, but still higher than the reference value recommended by the World Health Organization, birth weight control is still key point of perinatal health care in Tianjin city. Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of Maternal and Infant Outcomes of Successful Comprehensive Tocolytic Therapy of Patients with Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion YANG Cai-xia;ZHANG Ying;TANG Shu-wen;CHEN Jin-ling 2016, 43 (5):  570-573.  Abstract ( 971 )   PDF (708KB) ( 5368 )   Objective：Retrospective analysis of comprehensive treatment success patients in recurrent spontaneous abortion（RSA）. To evaluate the safety of mother and infant. Methods：105 cases of RSA patients in Baodi Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University from June 2012 to June 2015, age less than 35 years old, who were early pregnancy hospitalized for comprehensive tocolytic therapy success, were taken as the research object (observation group). Selection over the same period (the length of hospitalization was 9, and the reciprocal third was 3) 105 cases with no history of spontaneous abortion, without tocolytic therapy in our hospital were taken as the control group. All cases were followed up for 12 weeks after birth. Results：In the observation group, the pregnancy induced hypertension and premature rupture of membranes were significantly less than that of the control group(all P＜0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus, placenta and postpartum hemorrhage between the 2 groups (all P＞0.05). Exclusion of stillbirth and abnormal induced labor, there was no significant difference in the amount of bleeding and amniotic fluid condition between the 2 groups (all P＞0.05). The neonatal scores, male and female ratio, premature birth, great children, neonatal birth defects, 12 weeks of incidence of jaundice were similiar between the two groups(both P＞0.05). There was no significant difference in the quality of term birth between the pregnant week and the term birth weight (mean P＞0.05). Conclusions：Recurrent abortion comprehensive tocolytic therapy is safe and effective, with no adverse effects on maternal, which is worthy of clinical promotion. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress of piRNA in the Reproductive System ZHAO Hong-juan;WANG Ya-nan;GAO Shu-jun;ZHANG Yuan-yuan;LI Guang-peng;WANG Yu 2016, 43 (5):  576-580.  Abstract ( 862 )   PDF (717KB) ( 5798 )   Piwi-interacting RNA (piRNA) is a group of small RNAs about 30 nucleotides length that isolated from mammalian reproductive cells, which could bind to the Piwi proteins and regulate its corresponding function. piRNA mainly participates in the process of development of germ cells, silence of transposon, formation of heterochromatin, DNA integrity of germ cells, and so on． It contributes to steady heredity of hereditary substance. As small interfering RNA（siRNA）, microRNA（miRNA） and piRNA is a kind of non-coding small RNAs founded in recent years. However, they are different in functions, gene distributions and characteristics. piRNA is essential for physiological modulation of spermiogenesis. The research of piRNA was further investigated, such as structural features, distribution and interactions with PIWI proteins. Furthermore, establishment of piRNA database will facilitate scientific research of piRNA. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress on Endometriosis Drugs Treatment YU Gui-yuan;JIN Ping 2016, 43 (5):  581-584.  Abstract ( 818 )   PDF (744KB) ( 5368 )   Endometriosis (EMs) is a common chronic gynecological disease with high incidence, and long treatment time. A lot of defects have been found within current treatment for EMs, such as drugs and surgical treatments, that medication has numerous side-effects while surgery has high recurrence rate. Therefore, devoting our effort to improving the curative effect of treatment is becoming a hot spot of research in this field. At present, many new treatments are being in the study, such as GnRH receptor antagonist, anti-angiogenesis drugs, anti-inflammatory drugs, the potential application of stem cell, etc. Some of these drugs have entered clinical phase of the study. Hence, the new research progress in endometriosis drugs treatment is reviewed in this article. Related Articles | Metrics

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Schisandrin B Attenuating Benzo(a)pyrene-induced HTR-8/SVneo Cells Damage In Vitro DONG Qu-long;HOU Hai-yan;CHEN Jun;GAO Xiu-xia;CHEN Ya-qiong 2016, 43 (5):  585-589.  Abstract ( 854 )   PDF (1946KB) ( 5334 )   Objective: To investigate whether administering of benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) and schisandrin B (Sch B) to human trophoblast HTR-8/SVneo cells has cytotoxicity and cytoprotection, respectively. Methods: By HTR-8/SVneo cells culture in vitro, MTS cell proliferation assay was performed to detect the effect of different concentration of BaP-alone, Sch B-alone and Sch B combining with BaP treatment on cell proliferation. Results: 0.01 and 0.1 μmol/L BaP did not inhibit HTR-8/SVneo cell proliferation (P＞0.05), but 1, 10 and 100 μmol/L BaP all inhibited HTR-8/SVneo cell proliferation (P＜0.05). The inhibition rate were presented to be escalated accompanied by escalating BaP time exposure (6, 12, 24, 36 and 48 h), and 24 h BaP exposure were presented to be a saturation, especially for 20 μmol/L BaP with 24 h exposure which presented a suitable inhibition rate (24.95%). Besides, 0.01, 0.1 and 1 μmol/L Sch B did not inhibit HTR-8/SVneo cell proliferation (P＞0.05), but the level of SchB higher than 10 μmol/L inhibited HTR-8/SVneo cell proliferation (P＜0.05). 0.25, 0.5, 1 and 2 μmol/L Sch B all attenuated the cytotoxicity induced by BaP in HTR-8/SVneo cells with a dose-effect relationship, especially for 2 μmol/L Sch B which presented a highest protection rate (17.84%). Conclusions: BaP can directly induce cytotoxicity in HTR-8/SVneo cells, while certain Sch B can attenuate the cytotoxicity. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Protection Effect of Schisandrin B on Extravillous Trophoblast Cell Line Aggressive Damage Caused by BaP WANG Meng;LIANG Jing;HOU Hai-yan;DONG Qu-long;CHEN Ya-qiong 2016, 43 (5):  590-593.  Abstract ( 876 )   PDF (1116KB) ( 5307 )   Objective: Using human trophoblast HTR-8/SVneo (HTR) cell lines for the study of the carrier to study Schisandrin B (Sch B)′s action of benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) damage effect on HTR cell lines aggressivity. Methods：Experiment is divided into the control group, the BaP infected group, different dose Sch B (0.5, 1, 2 μmol/L), intervention infected groupcell proliferation by MTS experimental detection, clear BaP canister and Sch B intervention dose, by Transwell invasion experiment after the detection of BaP infected cells and Sch B cell invasion force change after intervention. Results：①The MTS test cell proliferation,compared with control group, 20 μmol/L BaP concentration cell proliferation significantly decreased after effect （P＜0.01）, after Sch B （0.5, 1, 2 μmol/L） intervention the cell proliferation is obviously better than BaP infected group（P＜0.05）. ②Transwell cell invasion experiment, compared with control group, the BaP cells infected group was much less aggressive （P＜0.05）. Sch B intervention group cell invasion force also declined （P＜0.05）. Compared with the infected group, Sch B cells of aggressive intervention group was obviously ascending （Ｐ＜０．０５）. Conclusions：①A certain concentrations of BaP damaged HTR cell proliferation and invasion force. ②Sch B can prevent the damage of BaP of HTR cell proliferation, and at the same time improve cell aggressivity. Related Articles | Metrics

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To Observe the Curative Effect of GnRHa Combined with Levonorgestrel-releasing Intrauterine System in the Treatment of Severe Large Uterine Adenomyosis LI Guo-hua;WANG Feng-qing;LI Xiao-fang;LI Xiang 2016, 43 (5):  594-596.  Abstract ( 909 )   PDF (753KB) ( 5295 )   Objective: To explore the curative effect of GnRHa combined with levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system（ＬＮＧ－ＩＵＳ） in the treatment of severe large uterine adenomyosis. Methods：A total of 42 cases of severe uterine adenomyosis were divided into two groups randomly, the treatment group and the control group, with 21 cases in each group. The treatment group were inserted LNG-IUS following 4 cycles of treatment by GnRHa and the control group were treated only by 4 cycles of GnRHa. Six months after placement of LNG-IUS, uterine size, menstrual quantity and degree of dysmenorrhea were compared between the two groups. Follow-up was taken at the following time points: before the injection of GnRHa （Ｔ０）, immediately after the injection of GnRHa （Ｔ１）, 3 months （Ｔ３）, 6 months （Ｔ６）, 9 months （Ｔ９）, 12 months （Ｔ１２） after the injection of GnRHa. Also the size of uterus, menstrual quantity and degree of dysmenorrhea were recorded during the follow-up. Results：The size of uterus, menstrual quantity and degree of dysmenorrheal in the treatment group at T3, T6, T9, T12 were significantly decreased than that in the control group （P＜0.05）. Compared with that at T0, the size of uterus at T1, menstrual quantity and degree of dysmenorrheal in the control group at T3 were significantly decreased （P＜0.05）. But there was no significantly difference in the size of uterus, menstrual quantity and degree of dysmenorrheal between the control group at T6, T9 and T12 and the control group at T0. The size of uterus at T1, menstrual quantity and degree of dysmenorrheal in the treatment group at T3, T6, T9, T12 were significantly decreased than that at T0 （Ｐ＜０．０５）. Conclusions：Compared with the sole injection of CnRHa, GnRHa combined with LNG-IUS is more effective for a short term in the treatment of severe uterine adenomyosis and relief of clinical symptoms. Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical Analysis of Hysteroscopic Electroresection Treatment Combined with Laparoscopy in 27 Patients with Complete Septum Uterus Duplicated Cervix and Vaginal Septum MA Xiao-li;LIU Yu-sheng;GUO Yin-shu;DUAN Hua 2016, 43 (5):  597-600.  Abstract ( 947 )   PDF (712KB) ( 5326 )   Objective: To evaluate the clinical effect in patients with complete septum uterus, duplicated cervix and vaginal septum after hysteroscopic electroresection combined with laparoscopy. Methods：We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 27 patients with complete septum uterus, duplicated cervix and vaginal septum undergoing hysteroscopic resection combined with laparoscopy from 2012 to 2013 in Gynecological Minimal Invasive Center in Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University. There are primary infertility 7, nature abortion 10, missed abortion 4, abnormal childbearing history 7. Results: The success rate of surgery was 100% without intra- or post-operative complications. The duration of post-operative follow-up ranged from 30 to 53 months, with an average of （41.56±6.33） months. There are full-term delivery 18 cases, premature delivery 1, nature abortion 2, inferlity 3, induced labor due to fetal anomaly 1, lost 1, have no birth plan 3. The pregnancy rate of patients with complete uterine septum increased from 52.17% （11/23, pre-operation） to 86.96% （20/23, post-operation, χ2=6.33, P=0.01）. The full-term live birth rates increased from 0（0/23, pre-operation） to 82.61% （19/23, post-operation, P=0.000）. The spontaneous abortion rates decreased from 47.83% (11/23, pre-operation） to 8.70% （2/23, post-operation, χ2=6.86, P=0.008）. Conclusions: Hysteroscopic resection of uterine septum is safe and effective. For patients with complete uterine septum, hysteroscopic resection of septum combined with laparoscopy can increase the full-term live birth rate, decrease spontaneous abortion rate, and improve patients' reproductive prognosis. Related Articles | Metrics