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15 February 2012, Volume 39 Issue 1
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Discuss About the Mechanism of Bile Acids Transport Between the Mother and the Fetus YAN Zi-ru;WANG Hui-min;WANG Zheng-ping;DONG Min-yue 2012, 39 (1):  2-5.  Abstract ( 1469 )   PDF (240KB) ( 4960 )   Bile acids，synthesized from cholesterol，are the main components of bile. They take part in fat digestion and absorption while they have cytotoxicity. The fetus liver is able to synthesize bile acids early in intra-uterine life，but poor in metabolism. How to maintain the levels of bile acids in the fetus serum in order to ensure their safety during pregnancy is the main point valued by the obstetrics researchers. In recent years，with the deepening of research in the pathogenesis of ICP and liver related transporters， whether there are some bile acids transporters in human’s plancenta which plays a great role in substances exchange between the fetus and the mother caused researchers’ attention. This review is about the mechanism of bile acids transport in the fetus-mother unit. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Significance of Doppler Ultrasound in Measuring the Aortic Isthmus of the Fetuses YUAN Mei-zhen;REN Yun-yun 2012, 39 (1):  6-9.  Abstract ( 1601 )   PDF (457KB) ( 4874 )   The lack of oxygen in uterus puts a severe threat to the fetus，so obstetricians have paid great attention to the issue for rather a long time. The early discovery of epidemics and timely treatment are of great significance to decrease of the death rate of new-born babies and improve perinatology. At present，the color Doppler ultrasound method is used to measure the index of the fetal umbilical artery and the blood flow in the middle cerebral artery so as to evaluate the situation of the lack of oxygen in the uterus. The article aims to disuss the significance of Dopper ultrasound in measuring the aortic isthmus of fetus in an easy， convenient， fast and effective way. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Application and Progress of Ultrasound in Fetal Hydronephrosis XIE Meng;SUN Li 2012, 39 (1):  10-12.  Abstract ( 1822 )   PDF (221KB) ( 4791 )   Dilation of the fetal renal collecting system，antenatal hydronephrosis，is one of the most common abnormalities detected on prenatal ultrasonography（US）， reported in approximately 1%-5% of all pregnancies. Some fetal hydronephrosis can always spontaneously disappear after birth， which is called physiological hydronephrosis，and some may deteriorate and cause renal function damage，which is called pathological hydronephrosis. There was little literature to report how to differentiate fetal physiological and pathological hydronephrosis. The degree of hydronephrosis classified by antero-posterior diameter（APD） characterized the antenatal hydronephrosis data across most of the studies. Some people also prefered to diagnose hydronephrosis by other ultrasound findings，such as renal calycealdilation，renal echogenicity，parenchymal thinning，bladder dilation，amniotic fluid level and so on. There is no consensus on the diagnosis and classification of fetal hydronephrosis. We summarized some new ultrasonic diagnosis indices，so it could provid evidences of evidence-based medicine for docters to deal antenatal hydronephrosis. Related Articles | Metrics

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Theca Cells and the Regulation of Follicular Function XIE Guang-bin;ZHU Lei-lei;WANG Yong 2012, 39 (1):  13-17.  Abstract ( 1688 )   PDF (263KB) ( 4792 )   The role of theca cells in the modulation of ovarian follicular function is reviewed. Theca cells are the endocrine cells associated with ovarian follicles that play an essential role in fertility by producing the androgen substrate required for ovarian estrogen biosynthesis. A distinguishing feature of theca cells may be their ability to initiate follicle growth on differentiation from cortical stromal cells，stimulate follicle growth by granulose cell mitosis through FSH-induced androgen receptor，and cause androgen-stimulated receptor formation of FSH. It should be emphasized that some apoptosis-counteracting growth facors of differing potency is secreted from theca cells to protect granulosa cells from undergoing apoptosis, suggestting an important role of theca cells in the follicular atresia. Therefore, theca cells have more significant role in follicular function than previously thought. Related Articles | Metrics

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Progression of Nuclear Receptor Interacting Protein 1 in Ovulatory Dysfunction XU Feng;LIU Jia-yin 2012, 39 (1):  18-21.  Abstract ( 1422 )   PDF (231KB) ( 4881 )   Nuclear receptors function as a group of ligand-dependent transcription factors. Nuclear receptor interacting protein 1（Nrip1），also named as receptor interacting protein 140（RIP140），binding to nuclear receptors in a ligand- dependent manner plays a crucial role in energy homeostasis and ovulatory dysfunction. The anovulatory phenotype of Nrip1 null mice resembles strongly with clinical luteinized unruptured follicle syndrome，so Nrip1 has a paramount concern in the treatment of ovulatory dysfunction and female infertility. Nrip1 could be a therapeutic target for infertility associated with ovulatory dysfunction and a novel development of contraceptive strategies. This review will focus on the molecular biology characteristics of Nrip1，then analyze the biological role and molecular mechanisms of Nrip1 in the ovary to regulate ovulation. Related Articles | Metrics

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Study of DNA Methylation in Cervical Cytology ZHONG Zhao-ji;YANG Jia-xin 2012, 39 (1):  22-25.  Abstract ( 1609 )   PDF (264KB) ( 4867 )   Aberrant promoter methylation has been detected in pathogenesis of many cancers，including cervical cancer. During cervical carcinogenesis，there is a series of alteration in the methylation status of host genes. Recently，the role of promoter hypermethylation as a diagnostic tool for cervical cancer screening has been examined in liquid-based cytology samples. Detection of DNA methylation in exfoliated cervical cytology samples is more convenient and minimally invasive than in biopsy tissues. In those samples，researchers are searching for DNA methylation markers selectively indicating high-grade precancerous lesions，in order to increase the accuracy of cervical cytological diagnosis. The methylation markers might be used as a potential biomarker for cancer screening，diagnosis and predicting clinical outcomes. Here，we discuss methylation status of host genes in foliated cervical cytology samples during cervical carcinogenesis and its clinical impact. Related Articles | Metrics

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Estrogen，Hormonal Replacement Therapy and Cardiovascular Disease CHEN Yong-ning;SHI Hui-rong 2012, 39 (1):  26-28.  Abstract ( 2077 )   PDF (379KB) ( 4799 )   Premenopausal women have lower risk and incidence of hypertension and cardiovascular disease（CVD） compared to age-matched men and this sex advantage for women gradually disappears after menopause，suggesting that sexual hormones play a cardioprotective role in women. However，randomized prospective primary or secondary prevention trials failed to confirm that hormone replacement therapy（HRT） affords cardioprotection. This review highlights the factors that may contribute to this divergent outcome and could reveal why young or premenopausal women are protected from CVD and yet postmenopausal women do not benefit from HRT. Related Articles | Metrics

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Primary Dysmenorrhea：an Etiology and Treatment Systematic Review LIAN Wei-qing;WANG Wei-di;XU Mei;ZHANG Ting-ting 2012, 39 (1):  29-31.  Abstract ( 1639 )   PDF (240KB) ( 4919 )   Dysmenorrhea is one of the most common gynecologic diseases. It can be divided into primary dysmenorrhea（PD）and secondary dysmenorrhea upon whether pelvic pathology detected，which the former one is found in most cases. Along with the scientic high-tech development，there are a lot new researches on PD’s etiology these years such as abnormal cerebral metabolism，uterine vascularization，etc. Diet is the main risk factors scientist researching on. Doctors are finding the way to completely cure PD include pelvic nerve ablation，while alternative medicine provides more choices of treatment for patients. This review summarizes the current state of knowledge on its etiology，risk factors and treatment. Related Articles | Metrics

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Relationship Between Vaginal Vault Prolapse and Stress Urinary Incontinence YU Kai;ZHANG Wei-yang;XIANG Mei 2012, 39 (1):  32-35.  Abstract ( 1594 )   PDF (253KB) ( 4763 )   Stress urinary incontinence is a common disease in older women，with negative impact on women’s quality of life. In abroad，a large study confirmed that the vaginal vault prolapse and stress urinary incontinence has a very close relationship. Delivery damage，postmenopausal lower estrogen level，the weak uterosacral-cardinal ligament complex，the damage of pelvic floor after gynecological surgery，the diseases which cause abdominal pressure increase such as long-term cough and constipation，are the pathogenesis of vaginal vault prolapse. The weak and damage of vaginal support structure lead to the vaginal vault prolapse，the patients which have vaginal vault prolapse，11% have the symptoms of stress urinary incontinence. Recently，the incidence of vaginal vault prolapse is increasing year by year，positive prevention and treatment vaginal vault prolapse direct at the pathogeny，can make the vast middle-aged and old women release from incontinence problems，improve the quality of life. The new research and treatment about the relationship between vaginal vault prolapse and stress urinary incontinence are reviewed in this paper. Related Articles | Metrics

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Recent Advances in MicroRNAs with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Insulin Secretion DONG Zhe;YANG Dong-zi 2012, 39 (1):  36-39.  Abstract ( 2209 )   PDF (231KB) ( 4760 )   MicroRNAs are a group of non-coding small RNAs，participanting in the processes of cell development，differentiation， proliferation，apoptosis and pathogenesis by inhibiting the translationes of target genes mRNA. Polycystic ovary syndrome（PCOS） is one of the most common endocrinologic disorders and has close relationship with hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance（IR）. So far，the pathology of PCOS and the relationship between PCOS and hyperinsulinemia/IR are still unclear. MicroRNAs which play important roles in post-transcriptional regulation could lead a new way for these researches. Therefore，the recent advances in studies on microRNAs with PCOS or insulin secretion were reviewed in this article. Related Articles | Metrics

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Epithelial to Mensenchymal Transition with Gynecologic Malignancies CHENG Rong-jie;FAN Yan-yan;FU Yan 2012, 39 (1):  40-44.  Abstract ( 1462 )   PDF (342KB) ( 4765 )   Invasion and metastasis are the main causes for the death of cancer patients. Epithelial to mensenchymal transition（EMT） is implicated in the invasion and metastasis of tumor. EMT，which refers to the conversion of polarized，tight-junctional epithelial cells to the non-polarized，migratory mensenchymal cells，is a pathophysiological process. According to its biological roles，EMT is divided to three types：Type Ⅰ is concerned with embryonic development and can transit to variable cell types；Type Ⅱ is related to the regeneration of tissue and fibrosis of epithelial tissues and organs such as kidney， liver，lung and bowel；Type Ⅲ is associated with the progression and metastasis of cancer. The signaling pathways controlling EMT contain TGF-β，Wnt，Hh，Notch，NF-κB pathway and so on. A few studies have demonstrated these pathways participating in the EMT pathological process of epithelial ovarian cancer，endometrial cancer and cancer of the cervix. Blocking the pathological process of EMT might become an important means to interfere in malignant biological behaviors of tumor. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Effect Factor of Wnt/JNK Pathway in Gynecological Tumors WEI Heng;WANG Shi-zhuo;ZHANG Shu-lan 2012, 39 (1):  45-47.  Abstract ( 2381 )   PDF (219KB) ( 5007 )   Wnt signaling pathway including：the classic Wnt signaling pathway，Wnt/Ca2+ pathway，Wnt/JNK signaling pathway. Wnt/JNK signaling pathway，also known as PCP pathway， non-classical Wnt signaling pathway，through the rearrangement of the cytoskeleton to regulate cell polarity，The effect of factors in Wnt / JNK signaling pathway express different role in different tumor cells. Experimental results demonstrate Wnt/JNK pathway in the effect factor through this pathway in tumor invasion，regulation of tumor cell apoptosis and playing an important role in cancer therapy. This article reviews literature about Wnt / JNK pathway in signal transduction pathway in the mechanism of tumor cells and its role in gynecological tumors. Related Articles | Metrics

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MACC1：a New Gene Associated with Tumor HUANG Hao-liang;ZHANG Rui-tao;SHI Hui-rong 2012, 39 (1):  48-51.  Abstract ( 1933 )   PDF (358KB) ( 4885 )   Metastasis-associated in colon cancer-1 （MACC1） is a previously undescribed gene associated with colon cancer by genome-wide expression analysis in primary and metastatic carcinomas. In the past two years，some studies of MACC1 have been carried out in the metastasis of cancer and the aspect of prognosis. These studies indicated a potential value of MACC1 as a molecular target in cancer metastasis therapy. This article summarize the discovery，structure，expression and function of MACC1 gene. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Effect of Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition in Epithelial Ovarian Carcinoma Invasion and Metastasis GUO Rong;WANG Xi-peng 2012, 39 (1):  52-56.  Abstract ( 1786 )   PDF (3099KB) ( 4815 )   Ovarian malignant cancer is the third most common gynecologic cancer. Most ovarian cancers are classified as “epithelial”and were believed to arise from the surfaceof the ovary. The epithelial to mesenchymal transition is generally considered to be a critical progress in embryogenesis and organ development. Recent researches demonstrated that epithelial to mesenchymal transition was essential to not only for embryogenesis but also for tissue regeneration and wound healing. However， epithelial to mesenchymal transition has a more sinister role in epithelial ovary tumor progression and metastasis.Considerable attention has centred around the mechanistic investigation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition in the epithelial ovary tumor progression and metastasis. In this review，we summarize microenvironment，mircroRNAs and major signaling pathways that participate in the epithelial-mesenchymal transitions during both development and tumor metastasis. Related Articles | Metrics

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Targeting Liposomes Towards Ovarian Anticancer Study YE Hong-xia;SUN Jiang-chuan;CHANG Shu-fang 2012, 39 (1):  57-59.  Abstract ( 2108 )   PDF (244KB) ( 4764 )   At present，chemotherapy is an important way to treat the ovarian Neoplasms. The chemotherapy drugs can be coated in the liposomes and delivered to target site to be released with the use of liposomes′targeting.In this way，therapeutic index has been improved and toxicity side effects has been reduced. All kinds of specially designed liposomes as drug carriers treating ovarian cancer increases day by day. Here，we provide an overview of liposomal targeting therapeutics and overcoming drug resistance to ovarian cancer cell，focusing on the practicality and effectiveness of passive targeting and active targeting of liposomes in the treatment of the ovarian cancer. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress on Tumor Stem Cells in Endometrial Carcinoma GUO Fei-fei;ZHOU Huai-jun 2012, 39 (1):  60-63.  Abstract ( 1602 )   PDF (232KB) ( 4913 )   Endometrial cancer is one of the most common gynaecological malignancies afflicting the lives and health of the women.Surgery，chemotherapy，and radiation protocols have been established for the treatment of endometrial cancer，however，the treatment for the recurrent patients that have acquired radio-or chemoresistance poses a major challenge for us. Tumor stem cells are defined as a subset of tumour cells with the potential to self-renew and give rise to the differentiated cells that comprise the bulk of the tumour.And the researches about tumor stem cells are just in the ascendant. Emerging evidence indicates that the rare tumor cells with the potentiality of endomrtrial cancer tumor stem cell are likely responsible for the development，progression，metastisis and recurrance of endometrial cancer in the researches about the mechanism of the endometrial cancer. This review is a conclution of the characters and sources of the tumor stem cells，and the research progress on tumor stem cells and its markers in endometrial cancer. Related Articles | Metrics

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Progress of Squamous Cell Carcinoma Antigen in Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma LUAN Xiao-mei;WANG Shi-zhuo;ZHANG Shu-lan 2012, 39 (1):  64-67.  Abstract ( 1581 )   PDF (270KB) ( 4810 )   Squamous cell carcinoma antigen（SCC-Ag） is a squamous cell tumor-related protein produced by the membrane，also known as TA-4 antigen，and composed by SCCA1 and SCCA2. Currently，SCC-Ag was first used as a clinical diagnosis marker of squamous cell carcinoma， and was closely related to the development of squamous cell carcinoma，the detection of its serum level has been widely used in the whole body system，especially squamous cell carcinoma of the cervical cancer’s diagnosis， disease monitoring，treatment and prognosis evaluation of secondary indicators. This paper reviews the biological characteristics of SCC-Ag and research progress on SCC-Ag in cervical squamous cell carcinoma in recent years. Related Articles | Metrics

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Progress in Cervical Lesions’ Screening During Pregnancy and Postpartum ZHAI Ling-yun;LI He-jiang 2012, 39 (1):  68-71.  Abstract ( 1977 )   PDF (328KB) ( 4854 )   Recent studies have demonstrated an increased detection rate of abnormal cervical cytology and human papillomaviral infection during pregnancy，but there is a certain rate of spontaneous regression and progress after delivery. The infection by human papilloma virus（HPV）increases the risk of developing cervical lesion. Other risk factors include multiple sexual partners，experiencing intercourse at an early age， multiparity， low socioeconomic status，non-white race，and smoking. Cervical lesions’ screening taken during the antenatal period can detect cytological normal variants，which can cause misdiagnosis errors. Special cervical screening method for pregnant women is rare，we still use Pap smear，liquid-based cytology and HPV-DNA tests. And there is controversy about timing of screening，a much larger research would be needed to solve this problem. Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of Prenatal Dandy-Walker Syndrome in Six Cases and Literature Review MA Yu-huan;CHEN Qian;SHI Chun-yan;SUN Wei-jie 2012, 39 (1):  72-74.  Abstract ( 1836 )   PDF (221KB) ( 4872 )   Objective：To investigate the prenatal sonographic features， diagnosis and treatment of Dandy-Walker Syndrome. Methods：Review the literature with the six cases of Dandy-Walker Syndrome to discuss the prenatal sonographic features， diagnosis and treatment of it. Results：At the 2nd-trimster，Dandy-Walker Syndrome was found in three cases via ultrasound， all cases were induced labor with chromosomal abnormalities by amniocentesis. The other three cases among the six cases were found to have Dandy-Walker Syndrome at the 3nd-trimster，one case was induced labor，two cases were found normal via CT after birth. Conclusions：It is important to reduce the birth rate of the Dandy-Walker Syndrome by prenatal ultrasound. Related Articles | Metrics

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Screening for Trisomy 21 at 11—13+6 Weeks of Gestation CHANG Ying;CHEN Xu;CUI Hong-yan;WANG Xiao-li;REN Chen-chun 2012, 39 (1):  75-78.  Abstract ( 1791 )   PDF (463KB) ( 4797 )   Objective：To investigate the performance of first trimster screening for aneuploidies in the combined test of maternal age，fetal translucency thickness and serum free β-human chorionic gonadotropin （β-hCG） and pregnancy- associated plasma protein-A（PAPP-A）. Methods：Screening with the combined test at 11 to 13+6 weeks of gestation was performed in singleton pregnancies，including 497 euploid fetues and 3 trisomy 21syndrome. The blood test and ultrasound scan were carried out in the same visit. The measure free β-hCG and PAPP-A were converted into a multiple of the median （MoM） for gestational age，adjusted for maternal weight，ethnicity，smoking status，method of conception. Results：① 500 cases of pregnant women in early screening of trisomy 21 and 6 high-risk people，of which 3 were confirmed by prenatal diagnosis. Another 40 were age high-risk，5 of whom were normal. ② NT thickness count on the CRL. ③Serum PAPP-A levels ascend and free β-hCG of the maternal unaffected decrease with pregnant weeks increasing. Conclusions：①The high risk of ages can not be a rule in invasive prenatal diagnosis. ②The NT dependant on the CRL，and we should perform multicenter study to find the NT standard of chinese pepole. ③NT screening should be measured in a qualified hospital，and preferably 12 weeks of gestation.④The maternal serum level of PAPP-A and free β-hCG relate with the pregnant weeks. Related Articles | Metrics

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Prenatal Diagnosis and Prognosis of Isolated Mild Fetal Cerebral Ventriculomegaly SONG Hua-lei;FANG Qun;CHEN Bao-jiang;LUO Yan-min;CHEN Yong-zhen;CHEN Jun-hong 2012, 39 (1):  79-81.  Abstract ( 2518 )   PDF (204KB) ( 4873 )   Objective：To investigate the results of prenatal diagnosis and prognosis of isolated mild ventriculomegaly fetuses. Methods：Chromosomal karyotypes were retrospectively investigated in sixty one singleton fetuses with isolated mild ventriculomegaly. The outcome of fetuses was acquired through regular follow-up. Results：In 61 cases of isolated mild ventriculomegaly， 3 （4.92%） chromosomal aberrations were detected， including 2 Down syndrome and 1 trisomy sex chromosome. In 50 cases which the IgM of toxoplasma， cytomegalovirus and rubella virus was detected， one case was positive with rubella virus IgM. Follow-up was successful in 55 cases， 8 were terminated because of various causes， including 3 chromosomal aberrations and 1 rubella IgM positive case. In 47 alive cases， 1 was found to have multi-maformation after birth， 1 died in neonatal period，2 with developmental retardation， 43 cases （91.49%） with normal development. Conclusions：Prenatal diagnosis is necessary for the fetuses with isolated mild ventriculomegaly. Apart from chromosome aberration and congenital infection， most of isolated mild ventriculomegaly fetuses have good prognosis. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Correlationship Between Serum Calcium and Hemabat in Prevention of Postpartum Hemorrhage CHEN Zhuo 2012, 39 (1):  82-83.  Abstract ( 1453 )   PDF (180KB) ( 4744 )   Objective：To study the correlation effect between serum calcium and Hemabat in prevention of postpartum hemorrhage. Methods：Fifty-nine patients after childbirth and treated with Hemabat to prevent postpartum hemorrhage were selected from June 2003 to December 2010 in our hospital. The subjects were divided into 2 groups according to the measured serum calcium results：27 cases in normal calcium；32 cases in low calcium group. The quantity of blooding，the quantity of blooding during 24h after application of Hemabat，the incidence of postpartum hemorrhage，blood calcium concentration and the total quantity of Hemabat were compared among these 2 groups. Results：The difference between low blood calcium group and normal blood calcium group were significant（P＜0.01） among the quantity of blooding，the quantity of blooding during 24h after application of Hemabat，the incidence of postpartum hemorrhage， blood calcium concentration and the total quantity of Hemabat. Conclusions：There is correlation effect between serum calcium and Hemabat in prevention of postpartum hemorrhage. Related Articles | Metrics

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Therapeutic Effect of Single-dose Methotrexate for Ectopic Pregnancy HUANG Li;LUO Ruo-yu;GONG Hao;ZHANG Wei;LIANG Hua 2012, 39 (1):  84-87.  Abstract ( 1700 )   PDF (363KB) ( 4780 )   Objective：To determine the risk factors for failture of an ectopic pregnancy（EP）with single-dose methotrexate. Methods：The clinical data of patients after a single-dose methotrexate for EP in Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University from July 2006 to July 2011 was reviewed retrospectively. Results：Two hundred and sixty-nine cases of EP were reviewed. The cases were divided into twogroups. One group（19.3%） were cases with ruptured EP and another group were 144 （80.7%） cases with unruptured EP. failure group and successful group according to the outcome. Fifty-two of them The mean level of pretreatment β-hCG，ratio of previous EP，mean gestation（in weeks），and size of the gestational mass were significantly higher in patients with ruptured EP compared with patients with unruptured EP（P＜0.05）. Logistic regression analysis revealed that 2 000～5 000 IU/L of pre-hCG level and≥5 000 IU/L of pre-hCG levels and also 6～8 weeks of amenorrhoea and >8 weeks of amenorrhoea and size of the gestational mass≥4 cm were the significantly risk factors for tubal rupture（P＜0.05）. No significantly associations existed regarding age，previous normal deliveries，previous induced abortion，prior pelvic surgery and use of an intra-uterine contraceptive device（IUD）. The receiver operating characteristic（ROC） curve cutoff value in the success group indicated an initialβ-hCG level of 1 871.5IU/L .At the value of 1 871.5 IU/L，sensitivity and specificity in the success group reached 82.7% and 70%. The area under the curve reached 0.8（P＜0.05）. Conclusions：Higher initial β-hCG level，higher gestational age and size of the gestational mass seem to be significant risk factors for failure of single-dose methotrexate therapy，Methotrexate should be used with caution in patients with EP. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Levels of Adiponectin，Lipids and Insulin Resistance and Their Relationship in Women with Pre-eclampsia YAN Jian-ying;ZHANG Dong-mei 2012, 39 (1):  88-91.  Abstract ( 1899 )   PDF (311KB) ( 4863 )   Objective：The purpose of the study was to detect the serum levels of adiponectin，insulin resistance and lipid metabolism in pre-eclampsia（PE），and to discuss their roles in the pathogenesis of PE. Methods：The level of adiponectin in serum was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay，and lipid and lipoprotein were detected with biochemistry analyzer in a control group of thirty nonpregnant women，in sixty normal third-trimester pregnant women，and in sixty cases of women with PE. Results：①Women with early-onset had a lower serum adiponectin level than its control. group Women with late-onset had a lower serum adiponectin level than its control（P＜0.05）. Women with early-onset PE had a lower serum adiponectin level than late-onset PE group（P＜0.05）. The differences were still significant after correction for haematocrit. ②In early-onset and late-onset PE group，the levels of total cholesterol（TC），triglyeride（TG），low density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL），apolipoproteinB（ApoB） insulin and insulin resistance index（IRI） were higher than that of their controls，while high density lipoprotein cholesterol（HDL） and apolipoproteinA1（ApoA1） were lower than that of their controls（P＜0.05）.③In early-onset and late-onset PE groups，the serum adiponectin was negatively related to the serum TG，systolic pressure（SP），diastolic pressure（DP），mean arterial blood pressure（MAP） and IRI，while the serum apdionectin was positively related to the serum HDL. Conclusions：Decreased adiponectin expression in serum may be involved in the pathogenesis of PE. Dyslipidemia and insulin resistance may be associated with decreased adiponectin expression in patients with PE，and may be involved in the pathophysiology of hypoadiponectinemia led to development of PE. Related Articles | Metrics

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Investigation on Old Female Stress Urinary Incontinence in Miyun County SUN Wan-hui;LI Ai-yang 2012, 39 (1):  92-94.  Abstract ( 2019 )   PDF (246KB) ( 4768 )   Objective：Investigation on old female stress urinary incontinence（SUI） in miyun county. In order to provide a basis for health education and behavior intervention，rely on Rural-based cooperative medical. Methods：Selected representative rural towns，adopt questionnaire-investigation to collect data，investigation on old female SUI and analysis the effect of SUI on Life Quality. Results：The investigation randomly selected 501 cases women age≥60 years. The symptoms first appears after the menopause in 46.67%（105/225） women；32.89%（74/225）women with SUI has an effect on house-work；27.12%（61/225） women with sui has an effect on taking part in open air activities；19.12%（43/225） women with sui refuse to go the place without bathroom；15.56%（35/225）women with SUI decrease the amount of water drinking because of fearin-g of leak；5.34%（12/225）women need frequent switch of panties. People feel depression/anxiety/despond，embarrassed/in a black mood/diminish their lives of 25.78%（58/225） 20.45%（46/225）、13.34%（30/225）、29.78%（67/225）、8.45%（19/225）res-pectively. Conclusions：The prevalence rate of SUI is high in the old women in miyun country，influencing the quality of life and psychological health of the patients. It demands the medical workers to pay adequate attentions. Related Articles | Metrics

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Expression of RECK and MMP-9 in Endometrial Carcinoma and Its Clinical Significance LIU Jing-jing;GU Zhen-peng;YAO Li-juan;LI Pan;LIU Zhi-hui 2012, 39 (1):  95-97.  Abstract ( 1751 )   PDF (2668KB) ( 4766 )   Objective：Study the expression of reversion-inducing cysteine-rich protein with Kazal motifs（RECK） and matrix metalloproteinase-9（MMP-9） in different endometrial tissues and study their roles of invasion and metabasis in endometrial carcinoma. Methods：The expression of RECK and MMP-9 were detected in 42 cases of endometrial carcinomas， 15 cases of atypical hyperplasia and 26 cases of proliferative endometrium by S-P immumohistochemical technique. Results：Compared with atypical hyperplasia and proliferative endometrium groups，the positive rate of RECK protein in endometrial carcinoma was significantly lower（χ2=9.307，P＜0.05）and the positive rate of MMP-9 protein was obviously higher（χ2=11.438，P＜0.05）. There existed obviously negative correlation between the expressions of RECK and MMP-9（P＜0.01）.In endometrial carcinomas; the positive rate of RECK protein was positively related to FIGO stage，histologic grade and depth of myometrial invasion（P＜0.05）.However，the expression rate of MMP-9 protein did not correlate with lymphatic metastasis，but it correlated with FIGO stage，histologic grade and depth of myometrial invasion（P＜0.05）. Conclusions：RECK and MMP-9 may play important roles in the invasion and metastasis of endometrial carcinoma. Related Articles | Metrics

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Narrow Band Imaging in Diagnosis of Endometrial Diseases KONG Xiang-ju;KONG Xian-chao;HU De-jun 2012, 39 (1):  98-99.  Abstract ( 1501 )   PDF (2606KB) ( 4738 )   Objective：To evaluate the efficacy of narrow band imaging （NBI） in diagnosis of the endometrial diseases. Methods：A total of 400 patients were observed under NBI and WL hysteroscopy，and the findings were compared with pathologic examinations. Results：For differentiating normal from abnormal endometrial histopathology，the use of NBI showed a significantly higher specificity （93% vs. 78%） and sensitivity （98% vs. 95%） and Youden index（0.91 vs. 0.74）. Conclusions：Overall，the number of correct diagnoses with NBI was significantly higher than with WL. The use of NBI improved the reliability of diagnostic hysteroscopy. The high specificity and the low number of false negativity may reduce the number of unnecessary biopsies or of those performed in wrong areas. Related Articles | Metrics

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Expression of CD44v6 in the Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia and Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma with HPV Infection LU JIA;YANG Yong-xiu;GAO Li;YANG Ai-hong 2012, 39 (1):  100-102.  Abstract ( 1654 )   PDF (1177KB) ( 4765 )   Objective：To investigate the relationship between expression of CD44v6 and HPV infection in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cervical squamous cell carcinoma. Methods：Using Streptavidin-Peroxidase（S-P） immunohistochemical technique， the authors examined the expression of CD44v6 in samples. The infection of HPV-DNA was determined by FQ-PCR. Results：There were significant difference for CD44v6 expression between cervical squamous cell carcinoma，CIN and normal tissues.（P＜0.05）. The positive rate of HPV was significant different among cervical squamous cell carcinoma ，CIN and normal tissues（P＜0.05）. The infection of HPV was associated with the expression of CD44v6（rs=0.341，P=0.01）. Conclusions：The abnormal expression of CD44v6 and HPV infection are closely related with the early pathogenesis，development of cervical cancer. So there is of certain clinical significance for early diagnosis of cervical cancer by detecting CD44v6 and HPV. Related Articles | Metrics